Differing Carbohydrate Recommendations of the Atkins Diet and Food Pyramid :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Differing Carbohydrate Recommendations of the Atkins Diet and Food profit A review of the carbohydrate intake of the Atkins Diet and the Food Pyramid betoken allow a comparison of their potential health effects relative to each other. The Atkins Diet and the Food Pyramid Guide propose dissimilar levels of carbohydrate intake. The Atkins Diet allows for an extremely limited intake of carbohydrates, as little as one serving which is roughly 20 grams. The Food Pyramid Guide allows about 120-220 grams of carbohydrates a twenty-four hours, which are roughly six to eleven servings. These different levels of carbohydrate intake influence the frames metabolism because carbohydrates are an perfect compound that serves as a major energy source for the body (Dictionary.com). These carbohydrates convert to sugars that trigger insulin production, which our body needs for certain processes, and triggers fat storage (Health-Doc.com). check to the Institute of Medicine, adults should get 45 t o 65 percent of their daily calories from carbohydrates. This is roughly seven servings based on a 2000 calorie/day diet. The Atkins Diet, in requiring a significantly smaller amount of carbohydrates than the Institute of Medicine, attempts to realign the dieters metabolism. In the first two weeks of the diet no more than twenty grams of carbohydrates a day are to be eaten. Twenty grams of carbohydrates a day is the equivalent of one slice of bread. After this two-week induction period is over the diet is allowed to slowly amplification its carbohydrate increments to about fifty grams of carbohydrates a day, or about two to three servings. The benefit of this low consumption of carbohydrates with the Atkins diet is to efficiently switch your body from a carbohydrate-burning metabolism to a primarily fat-burning (your fat) metabolism. The Atkins Diet is also supposed to stabilize your blood sugar and abruptly halt a non-finite of symptoms indicative of unstable blood sugar, such as fatigue, mood swings, brain fog and an inability to function at your best. This diet also will lead your cravings by stabilizing your blood sugar and break addictions to pabulums such as sugar, wheat or corn derivatives, alcohol, caffeine, grain or any other food (Atkins.com). While these claims seem somewhat sweeping, they remain claims that are not supported by scientific information provided by their website, Atkins.com. The lack of supporting information and the highfalutin nature of the claims make the science behind this diet seem somewhat suspect.

The Industrial Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

The Industrial RevolutionGoing to work for a full daytime isnt much fun after working fifteen hours the day before 60-70 hour work days are never pleasant in anybodys mind. How is it that so many people did this during the Industrial Revolution? Was it because they wanted the extra money? Or was it because they wanted the high political or frugal status? For some people these were the reasons, but for most it was because of one concern. Survival The Industrial Revolution greatly changed the workplace and the proletarians.The Factory system was changed forever by the name of one man, Richard Arkwright. Even though Arkwright was not a great inventor, he used other peoples ideas to advocate his own ambitions to the next level. He was the premier(prenominal) who knew how to make something out of other mens inventions, and who built them up into an industrial system. (Mantoux 221) Arkwright personally dealt with John Kays flying shuttle. However, the invention he procure was not Joh n Kays but a more sufficient and effective invention. He worked with the Spinning Jenny, which was invented by James Hargreaves. (Clare 10-13) Arkwrights use of the Spinning Jenny, became the nates on how to use inventions for producing max outputs (Mantoux 224).The Industrial Revolution was supported by the new and efficient inventions. Inventions were created by many and shaped the nations future. One of the most pregnant inventions was the Steam Engine. The Steam Engine was initially created by Thomas Newcomen, but his invention was very clumsy and didnt have a practical exercise (mantoux 225). However, James Watt managed to create a more efficient device, by creating rotary motion from inserting a crank and a flywheel (Claire 12-15). James Watt... ...he workplace gave revolt to a new day and age. Without these necessary hardships then some might say we would be stuck in a world that wouldnt know how to produce. In any regards the reason for the Industrial Revolution beginn ing and ending were because of one thing the will of the people wanted it.Works CitedClaire, John Industrial Revolution. chinaware Random House UK Limited, 1993Eisenberg, Christiane. Artisans Socialization at Work Workshop Life in Early Nineteenth-Century England and Germany. Journal of Social History 1 May 1991 45-57.King, Steven., and Geoffrey Timmins. fashioning Sense of the Industrial Revolution. Manchester Manchester University Press, 2001. Mantoux Paul. The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century New York Harper Row Publisher, 1961.

Free Essays - Tale of Two Cities :: Tale Two Cities Essays

 Tale of Two Cities  The main purpose of this book is to show the contrasts between the peaceful city of London and the city of Paris, violent itself apart in revolution.  This is apparent in the very first line of the book, It was the best of times, it was the worst of times....  This is a contrast of the two cities, London, the tranquil home of Mr. dray and the Darnays and Paris, the center of a bloody revolution.  The author shows gentleness in these violent times in the persons of Dr. and Lucie Mannette, both gentle and peaceful. He also characterizes the evil slope of the revolution in the apathetic and depraved Misuser and Mademoiselle Defarge, who go about their business while death carts roll-- as do heads-- through the streets of Paris.  He does though, establish a ray of light amongst all this evil the heroic Carton, who gave his life for his friend and a woman he knew he would never have.  The biggest contrast of all, is in the person of Mis user Darnay, the gentle English family man, who is also related to the evil Marquis Evremonde.  I personally like stories that use historical up to nowts as backdrops because it brings these seemingly hostile events closer to us.  This book definitely offers insight into life in the two cities at the time of the French Revolution.  I think it does an excellent job of depicting just how totally involved some people became in the revolution.  It shows how people were blinded by the desire for freedom from their former oppressors, so much so, that they attacked anyone and anything that was even remotely related to their past rulers.  I think this was effectively done by excellent characterization, using each character to depict a unlike aspect of society, then contrasting them by making them rivals.  I really took away a different view of that time period. Some of the language he used was definitely outdated.  The language was exactly what you would e xpect for a novel of that time period.  I was able to follow the story pretty well, although there were a few times, in switching back and forth between cities, that I got a little lost  Still on the whole I desire the way the story flowed.  Unlike some stories of that time, there wasnt really any profanity or taking of Gods name in vain, which is always good to see.

Stability and bioavailability of different erythromycin derivatives :: essays research papers

1. IntroductionErythromycin is one of the most common apply macrolide antibiotics. Over the years after Abbott introduced Erythrocin (erythromycin stearate) into the market, several generics and new brands have been introduced &8211 generics in the form of antithetic drug formulations and new brands in the form of different erythromycin salts.All these derivatives have the same pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action, but differ tremendously in their pharmacokinetics.This paper will give an introduction and a legal brief overview in the different stabilities and pharmacokinetics of the erythromycin salts and an introduction into new approaches in the field of macrolide antibiotics.Table of Contents1. Introduction22. Erythromycin &8211 a brief chemic description42.1 Crystal structure and hygroscopicity72.2 Mechanism of action83. Derivatives of erythromycin base93.1 Erythromycin stearate103.2 Erythromycin ethyl succinate103.3 Erythromycin estolate113.4 Comparison between erythromy cin base and estolate134 Chemical derivatives of erythromycin134.1 Roxithromycin134.2 Clarithromycin144.3 Azithromycin144.4 Dirithromycin154.5 Flurithromycin164.6 Comparison of properties among the newer macrolides175 Discussion and conclusions19References212. Erythromycin &8211 a brief chemical descriptionFigure 2.1 advertising for eryped 3Erythromycin belongs to the chemical group of macrolide antibiotics (macros greek = great, -olid as the suffix for lactones). Its microbiological activity mainly covers bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and other infections with gram positive bacteria. In the slickness of erythromycin base, the 14-linked lactone ring (Erythronolid) is conjugated with one underlying amino sugar (Desopamine) and one neutral sugar (Cladinose).Figure 2.2 Erythromycin base showing the aglycon (red), the basic amino sugar (green), and the neutral sugar (blue) 2Erythromycin was first discovered in 1952 in Streptomyces erythreus. The spectrum of activity i s equal to penicillin. The antibiotic activity is linked to the comportment of the desoxy sugars.There are three known forms of erythromycin. The structure of erythromycin-A is the most common used in formulations and differs from erythromycin-B in the hydroxyl-group in position 13 of the lactone ring. Erythromycin-C is missing the methoxy-group in the cladinose sugar. 8Stability problems first were discovered when Erythrocin was found to contain not the declared amount of erythromycin stearate.The first stability problem with erythromycin is because of its deliquescence. This could be prevented if erythromycin is stored under accurate conditions.Erythromycin has a poor water solubility and solutions decompose quicker if temperature is increased. Figure 2.1 shows the chemical degradation of erythromycin. The formation of the hemiketal is a dehydration and leads to the inactivation and loss of antibiotic activity. This step is highly pH sensitive.Figure 2.3 Chemical degradation and inactivation of erythromycin 4

Essay --

IntroductionA small and medium enterprise refers to registered business with little than 250 employees (International Finance Corporation, 2011). They have become a major force behind nations economys for this reason. Because of their size, they constitute a large percentage of the organization of the sexual sector, although, most players in the informal sector are not registered.Also linked to their size and proportion, they contribute heavily to employment and gross domestic mathematical product (GDP). These two features of SMEs have been the focus of developing countries and a major influencer behind developing countries government lobbying, apart from foreign direct investments and aid projects.Entrepreneurship in general has major roles and responsibilities within Kenyas economy, and the economy of any nation for that matter (Irungu, 2014). Some of these include Production of goods and servicesEmployment creationIncome genesisReduced povertyIncreased government revenueInfra structure developmentSome parallels and extensions between these roles, and the roles for SMEs can be drawn therefore to include the following.Employment RoleThe first benefit of enterprises is considered to be the revenue generated to the owner of the enterprise. When some individuals are hard pressed by the stresses of urban living, they may pass on to starting a business as an alternative source of personal income. This way an SMEs can become to them their main source of finance once it is running and has developed a sense of automation. This is important sincelarger firms are constantly downsizing average wages in declinelimited chances of advance in competitive job marketlow skills mean low income in the job market li... ...according to the vision 2030 will result I a general decline in poverty as well as increase the gross domestic product of the country. This is a major pillar of the imaginativeness 2030, and so it underlines the role of SMEs.ReferencesInternational Fina nce Corporation. (2011). Small and Medium Enterprise. Telling Our story, 5(1).Irungu. (2014). Lecture Notes - Role of businesses. Nairobi Daystar University.McIntyre, R. (2001). The Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Transition Growth and Entrapreneurship. Helsinki UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research.OECD. (2004). PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATIVE smes IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY TOWARDS A MORE answerable AND INCLUSIVE GLOBALISATION. 2nd OECD CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS RESPONSIBLE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (smes). Istanbul ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT.

Essay --

IntroductionA small and medium enterprise refers to registered business with less than 250 employees (International Finance Corporation, 2011). They control become a study force behind nations economys for this reason. Because of their size, they constitute a large percentage of the organization of the informal sector, although, most players in the informal sector are not registered.Also linked to their size and proportion, they contribute heavily to employment and gross domestic product (GDP). These two features of SMEs have been the focus of developing countries and a major influencer behind developing countries government lobbying, apart from foreign direct investments and aid projects.Entrepreneurship in general has major references and responsibilities within Kenyas economy, and the economy of any nation for that matter (Irungu, 2014). Some of these include Production of goods and servicesEmployment creationIncome generationReduced destitutionIncreased government revenueInfr astructure developmentSome parallels and extensions between these roles, and the roles for SMEs can be drawn therefore to include the following.Employment componentThe first benefit of enterprises is considered to be the revenue generated to the owner of the enterprise. When some individuals are hard pressed by the stresses of urban living, they may turn to starting a business as an alternative source of personal income. This way an SMEs can become to them their main source of finance once it is running and has true a sense of automation. This is important sincelarger firms are constantly downsizing average wages in radioactive decaylimited chances of promotion in emulous job marketlow skills mean low income in the job market li... ...according to the vision 2030 will result I a general decline in poverty as well as increase the gross domestic product of the country. This is a major pillar of the Vision 2030, and so it underlines the role of SMEs.ReferencesInternational Finance Corporation. (2011). Small and Medium Enterprise. Telling Our story, 5(1).Irungu. (2014). Lecture Notes - Role of businesses. Nairobi Daystar University.McIntyre, R. (2001). The Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Transition ontogeny and Entrapreneurship. Helsinki UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research.OECD. (2004). PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATIVE smes IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY TOWARDS A MORE RESPONSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE GLOBALISATION. second OECD CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS RESPONSIBLE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (smes). Istanbul ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT.

God-forsaken areas Essay

What is your intended major? Discuss how your interest in the subject increaseed and describe any experience you abide had in the field of view such as volunteer work, internships and employment, participation in student organizations and activities and what you have gained from your involvement I am an international student and I have been undecided to a variety of cultures. I am from Hong Kong but I came to study in the United States. My other dealings exposed me to other unique cultures. The US also has a diverse set of students which further gave me exposure to different cultural backgrounds.This exposure to unique cultures developed my interest in global studies. This is also 1 of the main reasons why I have chosen to pursue global studies as my intended major. Since I am an international student, I have realized that globalization is meaning(a) as it would sterilise the entire world seem ilk a single country. I believe globalization testament benefit e reallyone. Wh en I was rendering community service with the AGS, I realized that with globalization, we could reach out to more people in God-forsaken aras.Poor countries that do non have an abundant supply of necessary resources will have greater access to the international market. Poor countries in Africa and Asia weed be aided by prosperous countries in other parts of the world. This is possible with globalization. Globalization would also help to improve relationships between countries and in that respectfore improve the global economy. I postulate to study the effects of globalization as it has different social, industrial, economic, political, financial, as well as cultural implications. I believe those who oppose globalization are horror-struck of change.Much of the world is afraid of change but change is not evermore bad. Usually, it is for the better. Let us say, a poor Afri nates country is in need of food while another more prosperous European country is in need of raw materials . With free trade because of globalization, these two countries can open their markets to each other without having to pay additional taxes. This is better for their people. The African country can trade food for raw materials. In this kind of setting, there is mutual relationship between the two countries, thus, this is good globalization.Globalization would also lead to better flow of information and this is already manifested in the Internet, which is considered as a tool for globalization. The Internet creates a singular cyber world that is overflowing with information. I strongly believe that globalization will pave the way for the world to be more successful. I want to further understand the implications of globalization. Globalization may be good in my own view but there are still just about things about it that I do not understand. Pursuing global studies will discontinue me to understand this in a brighter concept.It would also allow me to identify the negative effects of globalization. I know that globalization has negative sides since a lot since a lot of people are against it. I would like to possess the knowledge to help identify and even eliminate the negative effects of globalization. I believe I can greatly aid the partnership this way. Prompt 2 Tell us about a personal quality, talent, consummation, contribution or experience that is important to you. What about this quality or accomplishment makes you proud, and how does it relate to the person you are?As a student, I experiences some hard times because of several personal circumstances. But what I am very proud of is that I always made progress after such trying times. I was just 18 when I came to Los Angeles to study and because I had to make certain adjustments, particularly because the language used as a medium instruction was different since I am from Hong Kong. On my first semester, I standard a D on my Economics class. I was not satisfied so I worked harder. I retook the subject t he following semester and my hard work stipendiary off as I received an A for my grade.All this I did because of careful planning. In my Anthropology class, I received a W mark as I was ineffective to religiously follow my schedule as I was diagnosed with kidney infection. I had to make regular visits to the doctor and the pain sometimes made me unable to attend class. Now that I am better, I plan to retake this subject in the winter. And with nothing else in my way, I can handle it to the outflank of my abilities and I am confident that I will get an excellent mark because I am determined. Also, even as I have experiences some hard times, I still maintain a very good GPA of 3. 75.I always tend to excel in my studies and even as I experience some trying times, I have always made an effort to recuperate. My undying resolve coupled with careful planning is an feel that I believe contributes greatly to my success. I believe that this same aspect will allow me to be successful in an y path that I take. When I fail a task, I always try again and I always do my best to achieve the best results. This has not failed me yet. Whenever, I put my mind to it, I always achieve great things. Of course, this does not only mean that one needs to be determined to be successful. atomic number 53 needs to carefully plan everything to pave the way for success. Planning is critical. It is important to develop this skill even as a student as one can surely make use of this very effective skill in his/her professional career. Planning allowed me to balance between my studies and my other dealings. Academics are important but one must remember that studying is not just about academics. I have always been involved in extra-curricular activities. This way, I can enjoy student life and not treat it as a burden like many students do.Also, one must carefully plan and develop study habits since this is important for a student. For me, this is important so that I will have enough time to attend to other matters aside from academics. I always try to sneak in some form of leisure like going out with friends or just relaxing. When faced with a problem, I canvass everything carefully in order that I could make an informed decision. Every decision that I make is an informed decision. This is the person that I am I never let anything get out of hand through careful planning. And with my undying resolve, there is nothing that I could not accomplish.

Social Studies Portfolio Entry 1 Draft 1

Social Studies Portfolio Entry 1 Draft 1 Independence of capital of Singapore Introduction This portfolio entry is about the independence of Singapore. I chose this topic as I will learn about it in Primary 5, in relation to Social Studies. The independence of Singapore led us to full self-government. We had little resources, but the determination and perseverance to survive. What Happened Before Independence After the war, the British were no longer seen as capable leaders of Singapore, as they had failed to protect her from the Japanese.The British granted Singapore self-government in 1959, and the PAP won during the general elections, making Lee Kuan Yew the first Prime Minister. Singapore and Malaya integrated with Sabah and Sarawak to make the Federation of Malaysia. However, Singapore separated from Malaysia because of the racial and religious tensions between both countries. Lee Kuan Yew feared that there would not be enough resources for Singapore to survive. How the govern ment governed Singapore after IndependenceThe government tried to fuddle harsher punishments for crimes, so that there would not be many criminals and Singapore would be freer of corruption. Lee Kuan Yew grew Singapores economy by making education compulsory and maximising business opportunities. He also provided more housing for citizens. How others felt about the Independence of Singapore At the time of independence, citizens and even the ruling party of Singapore felt apprehensive about the future. With no natural resources, many felt that she would not be able to survive without the help of the other countries.My feelings towards the Independence of Singapore I feel the forced independence was a blessing in disguise. With wise steps, progressive participation and determination, Singapore has become a thriving country. If there had been no sudden separation from Malaysia, Singapore might not be what it is today. Conclusion In conclusion, Singapores independence allowed her to b e successful. If Singapore had been a part of Malaysia instead and decided to become independent at a later stage, she would have to spend more time adapting and probably would not be as advanced as she is now.

Gmf (Genetically Modified Food) Essay

Genetically modified foods is the term most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or ani mal consumption, which have been modified in the science lab to enhance desired qualitys or improved nutritional content. The enhancement of desired traits has traditionally been undertaken through breeding, but conventional plant breeding methods can be very time consuming and be often not very accurate. Genetic engineering, on the other hand, can create plants with the exact desired trait very rapidly and with great accuracy. Development.GM foods were first put on the market in the early 1990s. Typically, genetically modified foods are plant products soybean, corn, canola, and cotton plant seed oil, but animal products have been proposed. The first commercially grown genetically modified whole food crop was the tomato puree (called FlavrSavr), which was do more resistant to rotting by Californian company Calgene. Currently, th ere are a number of foods of which a genetica lly modified version exists.What plants are involved?Some foods have been modified to make them resistant to insects and viruses and more able to tolerate herbicides. Crops that have been modified for these purposes, with approval from the relevant authorities, in a number of countries, include maize, soybean, oilseed rape (canola), chicory, squash, potato. Some of the advantages of GM foodsThere is a need to produce inexpensive, safe and nutritious foods to help feed the spheres ontogenesis population. Genetic modification may provide Better quality food. Higher nutritional yields. Inexpensive and nutritious food, like carrots with more antioxidants. Foods with a greater shelf life, like tomatoes that taste better and last longer. Food with medicinal benefits, such as edible vaccines for example, bananas with bacterial or rotavirus antigens. Crops and produce that claim less chemical application, such as herbicide resistant canola. Some of the disadvantages of GM foodsFood r egulatory authorities require that GM foods receive psyche pre-market safety assessments. Also, the principle of substantial equivalence is used. This means that an existing food is compared with its genetically modified coun terpart to find any differences between the existing food and the newfangled product. The assessment investigates Toxicity (using similar methods to those used for conventional foods). Tendency to provoke any allergic reaction. Stability of the inserted gene. Whether there is any nutritional deficit or change in the GM food. Any other unintended effects of the gene insertion.Economic concernsBringing a GM food to market is a lengthy and apostrophizely process, and of course agri -biotech companies wish to ensure a profitable return on their investment. Many new plant genetic engineering technologies and GM plants have been patented, and patent infringement is a big concern of agribusiness. Yet consumer advocates are worried that patenting these new plant v arieties will raise the price of seeds so high that small farmers and third world countries will not be able to afford seeds for GM crops, thus widening the gap between the wet and the poor.One way to combat possible patent infringement is to introduce a suici de gene into GM plants. These plants would be viable for only one growing season and would produce sterile seeds that do not germinate. Farmers would need to buy a fresh supply of seeds each year. However, this would be financially disastrous for farmers in third world countries who cannot afford to buy seed each year and traditionally set aside a portion of their harvest to plant in the next growing season.How are GM foods labeled?Labeling of GM foods and food products is also a contentious issue. On th e whole, agribusiness industries weigh that labeling should be voluntary and influenced by the demands of the free market. If consumers show preference for labeled foods over non -labeled foods, then industry will have the in centive to regulate itself or risk alienating the customer.There are many questions that must be answered if labeling of GM foods becomes mandatory such as are consumers willing to absorb the cost of such an initiative? If the food production industry is required to label GM foods, factories will need to construct two separate processing streams and proctor the production lines accordingly.Farmers must be able to keep GM crops and non -GM crops from mixing during planting, harvesting and shipping. It is almost assured that industry will pass along these additional costs to consumers in the form of higher prices. Food labels must be designed to clearly convey accurate information about the product in simple language that everyone can understand.ConclusionGenetically-modified foods have the potential to solve many of the worlds hunger and malnutrition problems, and to help protect and preserve the surround by increasing yield and reducing reliance upon chemical pesticides and herbici des. However, we must proceed with caution to avoid causing unintended harm to human wellness and the environment as a result of our enthusiasm for this powerful technology.

Occupational Therapist

Taylor Reed Career Report My preferred locomote choice is an occupational healer however this would not have been the parapraxis in the beginning of the year. In the beginning of this year I came to the conclusion that veterinary medicine Is the career for me, mostly because I love animals. As I researched more about becoming a veterinarian I found that Its not a DOD fit for me. Im still considering It as a misfortune however. When I researched Occupational Therapist I could Immediately see myself In this career. As an Occupational Therapist you can work with all age groups Including kids.When Occupational Therapists work with kids they usually play games with them to help them develop faster. This career Is right for me because I would hate a career that required you to do the same occasion every day I like change and kids. Now Im having a hard time deciding which career Is better for me. Categorys Veterinarian Occupational Therapist Responsibilities (Typical Day) I * Diagnose and treat animals * Perform yearly checkups by recording temperature and weight * Inspects the animals mouth, eyes, ears, and skin. * Discuss animal behavior, eating, sleeping, ND exercise. Vaccinations I * Help clients learn or relearn the skills necessary to care for themselves. * Work with children with physical or developmental challenges * Work with individuals who are recovering from substance abuse problems, the elderly premature infants. * Evaluate, take place reports, staff notes, daily treatment notes, billing statements, and discharge notices. I Work Environment I * Indoors/outdoors * Private practice * Research research lab * Military I * Indoors * Hospitals * Nursing Homes * Schools * RehabilitationCenters I Education and Training I *A 4 year study, doesnt require a bachelors degree. * 45-90 hours of undergraduate study. * competitive * Veterinary Aptitude Test * Medical college admission test * Graduate record examination. I * Required Bachelors * Recommended Maste rs * Internship * National Certification Examination I Skills I * Computer Skills * Communication Skills * Writing Skills * Observation Skills I *Observation Skills * Computer Skills * Writing Skills * Communication Skills * Listening Skills * Academic Skills IAdvancement I * Experience * Expanding answer I * Earn a higher degree * Expanding Practice I Employment Outlook I * Very ingenuous I *Very Good I starting salary I *About $50,000 * Max $145,000 *About $65,000 * Max $80,000 What I learned I I learned that pharmaceutical companies require Veterinarians to check pet foods and make sure they are healthy for that animal and not harmful. I I learned that Occupational Therapists can work In schools. I had no Idea prior to my research that schools hired Occupational Therapists to work with the hillier with developmental tattletales.I From my data I can conclude that veterinarians are pot that work very hard and are very dedicated to what they do. Becoming a veterinarian takes a bargain to nard work and a lot of dedication. I can also conclude from this data that occupational therapists are people that truly care for others. They are also very dedicated and it takes a lot of patients to help people with disabilities like they do on a daily bases. Lastly I can conclude from my data that veterinary medicine is not the career path for me.The amount of schooling that it takes in order to become a vet would be too much for me. I straightway know that occupational therapy is the right career pathway for me. I love helping people and I am very patient, I believe this career is the right one for me. In order to prepare myself for this career I must first take the Stats. I also have to continue perusing and keeping up my grades. My short-term goal is to graduate high school with in the top 5% of my class. My long term goal is to graduate college with a masters degree in occupational therapy.

Project Evaluation Essay

REPORT ON PROJECT EVALUATION FOR KALAHI-CIDSS PROJECT, PHILIPPINES IntroductionThis report considers the hobby brook e rating methodologies in the background of the KALAHI Comprehensive and Integ stationd Delivery of loving Services (CIDSS) suggest in the Philippines (the Project)(a) financial outline(b) frugal analysis(c) affable woo benefit analysis(d) other evaluation methods including willingness to payment, planning equaliser sheet and cost effectiveness analysis.In order to give out the relevance of the various evaluation methods to the Project, it is appropriate to have regard to the objectives of the Project. The overarching objectives of the Project as outlined in the logical framework for the Project were to improve local anaesthetic governancereduce poverty andimprove the quality of life of the poor.By considering the various evaluation methodologies, it is possible to identify the evaluation methods that best apply to the Project, in light of its objectives. FINANCIAL ANALYSISOverview of financial analysisfiscal analysis is an essential part of project appraisal which is necessity to estimate the financial wampum gene enume investd by a project. pecuniary analysis attempts to determine the simoleons financial benefit (or loss) to anagency alternatively than the earn benefit (or loss) to the economy or society. Financial evaluations are just now concerned with cash flows in and out of the organisation. (Commonwealth of Australia 2006, p. 28) Assessing the financial benefit of a project may be achieved through a consideration of the following (a) net present evaluate(b) financial sexual rate of invert.Page 1ARCH1260Net present regard asNet present value is calculated by discounting a projects cash proceeds using the minimum required rate of overhaul on late investing (cost of groovy), summing them over the lifetime of the proposal and deducting the initial investment outlay. (Levy and Sarnat 1982, p.55) It is necessary to apply a discount rate, that is the minimum required rate of return on new investment, to future cash receipts to determine the present value of those profits.The minimum required rate of return often glitters interest rates at which capital could otherwise earn interest in the food market if it was non invested in a project. It is then necessary to sum the present value of cash receipts and deduct the initial cash investment for the project. Where the net present value is positive, the project may be accepted as financially viable. Financial internal rate of returnThe financial internal rate of return is calculated by determining the rate at which the net present value of a project equals zero. (Brent 1990) In determining financial internal rate of return, future cash receipts must be time-discounted to present values to relate to the initial investment outlay for the project. Levy and Sarnat (1982, p.55) suggest that as a general principle, where financial internal rate of re turn exceeds the discount rate, that is the minimum rate of return on new investment, a project may be accepted. Application of financial analysis to the case studyFinancial analysis is an essential valuation methodology to be applied to theProject to determine its financial viability. One of the key objectives of the Project was to maximise the use of the World Bank funding in order to ensure that the Project was frugalalally well(p) to the Philippines national economy. (Araral and Holmemo 2007, p. 8) The funding of the subprojects was to be leadd in counterpart by provincial, municipal and barangay local presidencys, in supplement to funding from communities and private sources. As Araral and Holmemo (2007, p. vii) indicate, such(prenominal)(prenominal) contributions were intended to reduce the fiscal impact of the project on the national government. Accordingly, it was necessary for the various investors to be positive(p) of the favorableness of the Project. Moreover, th e World Bank (2001, p. 25-26) required a financial analysis of the Project in order to determine the cost effectiveness of the Project and ultimately, whether to provide a loan to the Philippines government.However, it is noted that whilst carrying out a financial analysis is an essential aspect of project appraisal, there is a degree of uncertainty skirt financial analysis at the outset of a project. This is particularly so in the context of developing countries where economicPage 2ARCH1260uncertainty affects market prices. Moreover, a financial analysis does not take account of external be or benefits. (Commonwealth of Australia Jan 2006) ECONOMIC ANALYSISOverview of economic analysisEconomic analysis has a wide of the marker focus than financial analysis, it considers the overall impact of a project on improving the economic welfare of the citizens of the country concerned. It valuees a project in the context of the national economy, rather than for the project participants o r the project entity that implements the project. Economic analysis differs from the financial analysis in terms of both (i) the breadth of the recognition and evaluation of inputs and outputs, and (ii) the measure of benefits and costs. (Economics and Development Resource Centre Feb 1997, p.9)The focus of economic analysis is the profitability of a project for society, rather than simply the project investor. homogeneous to financial analysis, through economic analysis, the net present value of a project may be calculated by summing the future flow of tender benefits, less friendly costs (discounted to present values) and deducting the initial investment outlay. A project will be viable if the net present value of the project is great than zero, that is, social benefits exceed social costs. Moreover, the economic internal rate of return may also be calculated for a project, by considering the net present value of a project taking into account social costs and benefits. The hig her the economic internal rate of return, the more beneficial the project is to society.Discounting must be factored into the calculation of these analyses, being the minimum required rate of return on new investment, as an expression of societys preferences rather than on the basis of interest rate as is used in financial analysis. In order to measure the social costs and benefits of a project, it is necessary to determine the common unit of account or numeraire that benefits and costs should be expressed in. Thirwall (1983, p. 213) suggests that whilst the numeraire may be expressed in domestic prices or internationalist prices, using world prices is justified as it avoids the use of the exchange rate in order to value in a single currency both(prenominal) goods measured at world prices (traded goods) and others measured at domestic prices (non-traded goods).It is also necessary, when carrying out economic analysis to adopt shadow prices. Shadow prices place a value on a factor for which there is inadequate market information, given that a projects inputs and outputs should not necessarily be precious at current market prices because the market price may not reflect the social opportunity cost of the resource. (Devarajan et al Feb 1997, p. 36) For example, in the context of labour, a project mayPage 3ARCH1260employ an individual at a certain wage, which represents a financial cost, however that financial cost does not represent the social cost ofemployment, being the supply price of labour. As such, a shadow price may be adopted to reflect the social opportunity cost of employment generated by the project.Application of economic analysis to the case studyThe Project sought to achieve several benefits beyond profitability, including improved infrastructure and service, increased community participation and improved quality of life. Accordingly, economic analysis is relevant in that it evaluates the Projects benefits to all levels of government and to the c ommunity, rather than just the investors. An economic analysis can be carried out in respect of the infrastructure subprojects, as is evident in the analysis summarised by Aral and Holmemo (2007).For example, it is possible to quantify the cost of construction and maintenance of roads against benefits such as number of households benefiting from a road and transport costs for paddy and fertilizer. (Aral and Holmemo 2007, p. 12) However, it should be noted that economic analysis is still confined to those benefits and costs that can be measured. Whilst economic analysis is clearly useful for assessing the economic benefits and costs of the infrastructure subprojects, other broader benefits, such as better access to social services and technology and possible benefits from improvements in barangay governance (Aral and Holmemo 2007, p. 21-22), are not captured through economic analysis.SOCIAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSISOverview of social cost-benefit analysis address-benefit analysis involve s the application of both financial analysis and economic analysis to a project to determine the potentiality of the project in being profitable and contributing to society. It attempts to measure the value of all costs and benefits that are expected to result from the activity. It includes estimating costs and benefits which are unpriced and not the subject of normal market transactions but which nevertheless entail the use of real resources. (Commonwealth of Australia Jan 2006, p. 5) Moreover, this analysis involves a consideration of distributional issues, that is, how benefits and costs from a project are distributed amongst private and public sectors. (Little and Mirrlees 1990, p. 352)Page 4ARCH1260Application of social cost-benefit analysis to the case study The use of social cost-benefit analysis as a method of evaluation for the Project is beneficial in combining a consideration of the financial viability of the project and the costs and benefits of the Project for society as a whole.It is relevant to turn to the scenarios for cost-benefit analysis for the case study. For roads, the best scenario for both road construction and road improvement is scenario 3. This is because whilst the net present value and economic internal rate of return for both scenario 1 and scenario 3 is the alike for both road construction and road improvement, the discount rate for scenario 3 in both instances is less than that for scenario 1. That room that the economic internal rate of return is proportionally greater than the discount rate in scenario 3 and as such the return on those projects is greater than it would be for the scenario 1 projects. Furthermore, in the case of both road construction and road improvement, scenario 2 is the strike scenario, as the net present value is significantly less than the other scenarios and also the economic internal rate of return is disgrace.The higher the internal rate of return, the more beneficial the project. Overall, road co nstruction under scenario 3 is a better option than road improvement as both the net present value and economic internal rate of return is greater for road construction than road improvement. For aim building, whilst scenario 1 and scenario 3 have the same economic internal rate of return (15.91%) and the net present value for scenario 1 (at 42,729 USD) is slightly higher than that of scenario 3 (at 42,000 USD), scenario 3 is the best option as the economic internal rate of return is proportionally greater than the discount rate at 10%, rather than under scenario 1 where the discount rate is 15%. Accordingly, scenario 2 is the worst option with the lowest net present value and an economic internal rate of return which is less than the discount rate. Where economic internal rate of return is less than the discount rate the project should not be considered.As such,scenario 2 should not be considered. For school improvement, scenario 1 and scenario 3 have the same net present value (2 2,930 USD) and economic internal rate of return (15.10%), however scenario 3 is more favourable given that its economic internal rate of return is proportionally greater than its discount rate (10%) than scenario 1s discount rate (15%). Scenario 2 is the worst option given that it has a lower net present value than the other scenarios and its economic internal rate of return is less than its discount rate and as such it should not be considered. Overall, school building under scenario 3 is a better option than road improvement as the net present value of the project is greater and the proportional relationship between economicPage 5ARCH1260internal rate of return and discount rate is higher for school building than for school improvement.OTHER EVALUATION METHODSOverview of other evaluation methodsWillingness to payWillingness to pay examines how much a person is willing to pay for a good or service. The value that a person is willing to pay is then compared to the actual cost of the good or service. This technique relies on data collection through examine people in a community in which a project is proposed. For example, Whittington et al (1990) surveyed a village in southern Haiti regarding willingness to pay for water services. Whilst it is suggested that the viability of willingness to pay surveys is limited given the scope for bias in individuals responses, Whittington et al concluded that such surveys were a feasible method of estimating willingness to pay for improved water services (1990, p. 308). Planning balance sheetThis evaluation methodology attempts to list intangible benefits of a project and also involves an analysis of the distribution of project benefits amongst society. Cost-benefit analysis only considers thosebenefits that can be easily measured. As Materu (1985, p. 4) suggests, the tendency to select projects on the basis of their expected quantified monetary benefits, with intangibles treated as a minor equilibrate factor which is inhe rent in traditional forms of cost-benefit analysis, can be misleading because it may not reflect the true social value of an investment. The planning balance sheet approach attempts to focus on all costs and benefits of a project to the community rather than simply quantifiable economic costs and benefits.Cost effectiveness analysisCost effectiveness analysis involves an assessment of the cost of investment in a project against the benefits measured on the basis of natural units rather than monetary value, for example, number of lives saved or children provided with an education. This enables an evaluation of the effectiveness of money spent to achieve program objectives. Cost effectiveness analysis is worth(predicate) for assessing the cost-effectiveness of alternatives programmes with similar objectives, where the project objectives are clearly defined.Page 6ARCH1260Application of other evaluation methods to the case studyWhilst the willingness to pay approach might be suitable in respect of the infrastructure subprojects that are part of the case study, this evaluation method is not suitable for taking account of the broader aspects of the Project, such as improved community participation and quality of life. However, the planning balance sheet approach is likely to be useful in analysing the benefits of those aspects of the Project, given that they are hard-fought to quantify in a monetary sense.In considering cost effectiveness analysis, whilst there may be some value in measuring the benefits of the Project on the basis of units such as number of people engaged in community decision-making, however this would be difficult to measure given the broad scope of the Project wherein programmes for improved governance and participation are to be tailored to local barangay communities. As such,this method of evaluation would not produce invariable results for carrying out preliminary appraisal of the Project. ConclusionsConducting a financial analysis is an essential part of appraisal for the Project in order to determine the financial profitability of the project for the investors. However, it is relevant to examine other aspects of the project to determine its viability given the objectives were broader than merely financial objectives. Economic analysis is relevant to apply market prices to the costs and benefits of the Project to society, rather than just the investors in the project. This enables a consideration of the net benefits of the Project as against the cost of capital expenditure required to implement the Project.Financial analysis and economic analysis are both relevant to conducting a meaningful evaluation of the Project, however, they are of limited use if applied independently. As such, social cost-benefit analysis offers an effective methodology for assessing both the financial and economic costs and benefits of the Project, and enables a consideration of how those costs and benefits would be distributed amongst vari ous sectors within society. By applying social cost-benefit analysis, it is possible to determine whether the benefits outweigh the costs of the project to the extent that the capital should not be invested elsewhere.However, whilst social cost-benefit analysis can be used to assess benefits and costs of those aspects of the Project that are easily quantifiable, such as the infrastructure subprojects, this method does not give weight to the benefits and costs associated with the intangible objectives of the Project such as increased community participation, improved local governance and quality of life. Here, the planning balance sheet approach is useful as a means to give weight to the intangible benefits of the Project to society.Page 7ARCH1260Aral, E. and Holmemo, C. 2007, Measuring the Costs and Benefits of CommunityDriven Development The KALAHI-CIDSS Project, Philippines, Social Development piece of musics Paper No. 102.Brent, R. 1990, Investment Criteria, Chapter 2 in Projec t Appraisal for Developing Countries, New York Harvester Wheatsheaf, pp. 24-39.Commonwealth of Australia. January 2006, Introduction to Cost-Benefit summary and Alternative Evaluation Methodologies, surgical incision of Finance and Administration. online http//www.finance.gov.au/publications/finance-circulars/2006/01.html Accessed 9 October 2011Devarajan, S., Squire, L. and Suthiwart-Narueput, S. February 1997, Beyond Rate of Return Reorienting Project Appraisal, The World Bank Research Observer, 12(1), pp. 3546. Economics and Development Resource Centre. February 1997, Guidelines for the Economic Analysis of Projects, Asian Development Bank. onlinehttp//www.adb.org/Documents/Guidelines/Eco_Analysis/eco-analysis-projects.pdf Accessed 3 October 2011Levy, H. and Sarnat, M. 1982, The Economic Evaluation of Investment Proposals, Chapter 3, in Capital Investment and Financial Decisions, 2nd ed., Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall International, pp. 39-64.Materu, J. 1985, A Planning Bala nce Sheet of a Sites and Services Project in Tanzania, University of Sheffield Department of Town and Regional Planning Occasional Paper Number 57.Thirwall, A. 1983, Social Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Shadow Wage, Growth and Development with Special Reference to Developing Economies, London Macmillan, pp. 202-216.Whittington, D., Briscoe, J., Mu, X. and Barron, W. 1990, Estimating the Willingness to Pay for Water Services in Developing Countries A Case Study of the Use of Contingent Valuation Surveys in Southern Haiti, Economic Development and Cultural Change, pp. 293311. World Bank. 2010, The World Bank Annual penning 2010, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, Washington DC. onlinePage 8ARCH1260http//siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTANNREP2010/Resources/WorldBankAnnualReport2010.pdf Accessed 10 August 2011Page 9

My Yoga Experience

In the contemporary world, life can re everyy be hectic and stressful. The influx of schedules for work, school and others drop taken more or less of the time of peoples daily routine. Leaving them with little time for themselves to unwind and relax. This is the point when people start to get saturated from their lives thus the feeling of lethargy and void. They tend to image for an escape to the world of routines and deadlines. But vacations or leaves should not be just once or twice a year, these activities should be embedded into peoples everyday lives.I, for one, have experienced overworking myself to the point that I have neglected the state of my health. I was too busy that I have forgotten to eat on a regular basis and to sleep on time. Basic exclusivelyy, I was so engrossed with my work that I became unaware of the negative effects of my actions. As a result, I was exhausted all the time, I got sick more often and my physical structure began to deteriorate externally and internally. When I realized that these consequences could really harm me, I started to modify my schedule. I bit by bit lessened my work load and allotted more time for wellness and relaxation.I show yoga as the best method for natural mend. Ever since I became involved in this kind of physical exercise, days of restlessness and fast-paced itineraries were long gone. Yoga have really changed the way I live my life. It is not only if the toning of the physical body but of the mind and spirit as well. Yoga is holistic experience that strengthen all the aspects of being human. For centuries, yoga have been answerd as a form of relaxation and exercise that emanated in India. According to Sanskrit, an ancient Indian language, yoga means union. It is presumed that the term union describes the relationship between the mind, body and spirit. More so, yoga is besides called asana which refers to the practice of physical postures or poses. It is part of eight limbs of yoga wherein the the majority of which are more concerned with mental and spiritual well being than physical bodily function (Pizer, 2007, What is Yoga? ). Moreover, based on advaita vedanta, a yoga philosophy, the goal in life is to determine true origin or nature of oneself which is in any case typically called by many as self realization or God realization (Advaita Yoga Ashrama, 2008, Four Margas or Paths of Yoga).To fully appreciate the world of yoga, I also studied its report and fundamental principles. Yoga originated from the Indus Valley civilization. The term yogi is accredited to those who practice yoga. For the yogis, yoga techniques are actuated to attain amplify spirituality. Also, they encourage the union with the finite jiva (transitory self) and with the infinite Brahman (eternal self) which is also used to refer to God. Yogis believe in Pantheism which teaches that God is everything wherein God is an an impersonal, spiritual substance, coexisting with all of reality. Through th is doctrine, human beings can be considered as a God but because of ignorance people cannot comprehend they are God. In order to resolve this dilemma, enlightenment or an experience of union with God is needed (Allaboutspirituality. org bill of Yoga). Before I started to practice yoga, I was a little bit apprehensive. I thought from what I saw on the television and magazines that doing yoga would only think stretching and meditating. Also, the testimonials who have essay yoga have affected my judgment about it. Most of them disclosed that yoga is a form of physical exercise that tones the body.I was unbeliever that it would bring me relaxation and tranquility because my mind usually wanders whenever I am idle and physical activities are not my idea of leisure. I finally tried yoga when my friend insisted that my preconceived notions are incorrect. So to end our bickering about the subject, I decided to attend a class. After only one session, all my assumptions were falsified. It came to my surprise that yoga is nothing what I have imagined. In an instant, I fell in love with yoga and I clamored for more so I took it up regularly. The practice of yoga had really improved my body, health and even my outlook in life.What sets yoga apart from other natural healing methods is that it aims for nonpareil. Practitioners of yoga must try to naturally attain perfection to achieve enlightenment. However, in order to get there, one should eliminate being self-centered. The path to perfection must be freehanded from hurdles that would make practitioners of yoga influence from their original goal. So, intense discipline of the mind, body and spirit are the fundamental factors needed to make perfection materialized. At a cost of $12 to $16 per session, attending yoga classes is really cheap.But there is a more inexpensive way of doing yoga which is by taking bundle sessions that cost about $50 to $xcl for 10 sessions. I chose the bundle sessions because achieving the effects of yoga do not happen overnight, it will take some time, effort and dedication before a practitioner can see and feel the results. During the beginners phase of my yoga classes, my instructor taught us different positions and the seven chakras or energy centers. The first chakra is Muladharawhich is located below the spine. This brings stability and substantiality to yogis.The proper posture for this chakra is the setu bandhasana or bridge which revitalizes the thigh and abdominal muscles. The second chakra is called Svadhisthana which connotes sweetness and it is located at the lower abdomen and womb area. The Bhujanasana or The Cobra is the distract position for this chakra which starts with a lying position then the upper body is slowly drawn upwards. The third chakra is called Manipura which when translated refers to yellow lustrous gem. Manipura chakra can be found at the area of the solar plexus and the navel.This chakra can channel will and power if the correct po sture is used. The Dhanaurasana or The Bow position concentrates on the belly. It massages the muscles for thriving digestion. The fourth chakra is Anahata which is situated at the heart and its function is anything that concerns with love. Ushtrasana of The Camel is the best position to open this chakra. Visuddha is the fifth chakra which is positioned at the throat. This chakra can purify the body exploitation its equivalent posture called Matsyasana or The Fish which is good for opening and calling attention to the throat. The sixth chakra is called Anja which means to know, to percieve, to command while the last chakra is Sahasrara that means thousandfold. Anja is located at the head around the area of the third eye while Sahasrara is the crown or the topmost part of the head. Both chakras can be opened using the seated yoga Mudra which will bring attention to the head of the body (About. com Chakras and Yoga Postures). All of these postures can vary depending on the yogi. I t must be balanced with proper body postures and breathing to feel the healing power of yoga.More so, it is important to note that there are several stages of yoga and practitioners must know their body limits to avoid spin the muscles and accidents as well. Yoga have helped me in many ways to improve my self. I joined yoga classes unaware of the many benefits that I could gain from it. My lifestyle is now free from stress and tension. Moreover, yoga have trained me to be more disciplined in keeping my body, mind and spirit healthy. Now, I can enjoy life at my own pace without any worries and insecurities and I can also appreciate more the beauty of nature.Works CitedChakras and Yoga Postures. 2008. About.com. 22 July 2008 http//healing.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm? zi=1/XJ/Yasdn=healingcdn=religiontm=264f=20tt=14bt= 0bts=0zu=http%3A//members.tripod.com/%7Ekira_lis/chakra1.html Four Margas or Paths of Yoga. 2008. Yoga108.org. 22 July 2008 http//yoga108.org/pages/show/7-four-mar gas-four-paths-of-yoga. History of Yoga. 2008. Allaboutspirituality.org. 22 July 2008 http//www.allaboutspirituality.org/history-of-yoga.htm. Pizer, Ann. What is Yoga? 26 November 2007. About.com. 22 July 2008 http//yoga.about.com/od/beginningyoga/a/whatisyoga.htm.

Forward the Foundation Chapter 3

4thither was a short silence again, moreover only because thoughts are silent. Seldons were roiled enough.Yes, it was true. His wife did expect to ca-ca an un crapperny spotledge of robots. Hari had wondered ab place this so often over the years that he had finally given up up, tucked it bulge in the back of his in testifyect. If it hadnt been for Eto Demerzel-a robot-Hari would neer have met Dors. For Dors worked for Demerzel it was Demerzel who assigned Dors to Haris case eight years ago to protect him during his flight byout the various sectors of Trantor. Even though today she was his wife, his help-meet**, his better half, Hari still occasionally wondered about Dorss strange connection with the robot Demerzel. It was the only area of Dorss work on where Hari truly tangle he did not belong-nor wel count. And that brought to mind the most painful question of all Was it out of obedience to Demerzel that Dors stayed with Hari or was it out of love for him? He precious to gestate the latter-and as yetHis life with Dors Venabili was a happy adept, alone it was so at a cost, at a condition. The condition was all the more stringent, in that it had been settled not through discussion or promise but by a mutual unspoken controling.Seldon unders as closely asd that he found in Dors eachthing he would have wanted in a wife. True, he had no children, but he had neither expected either, nor, to tell the truth, had enormously wanted any. He had Raych, who was as much a son of his emotionally as if he had inherited the entire Seldonian genome-perhaps more so.The mere fact that Dors was causing him to mean about the case was breaking the agreement that had kept them in peace and comfort all these years and he felt a faint but call oning resentment at that. precisely he pushed those thoughts, the questions, forward again. He had learned to accept her power as his protector and would continue to do so. After all, it was he with whom she shared a home, a table, and a bed-not Eto Demerzel.Dorss voice brought him out of his r foreverie.I said-Are you sulking, Hari?He started somewhat, for there was the sound of repetition in her voice, and he realized he had been shrinking steadily deeper into his mind and away from her.Im sorry, dear. Im not sulking. Not deliberately sulking. Im easy(p) wondering how I ought to respond to your statement.About robots? She seemed quite calm as she said the word.You said I dont receive as much about them as you do. How do I respond to that? He paused, then added quietly (knowing he was taking a chance), That is, without offense.I didnt say you didnt know about robots. If youre going to quote me, do so with precision. I said you didnt understand about robots. Im sure that you know a smashing deal, perhaps more than I do, but to know is not necessarily to understand.Now, Dors, youre deliberately speaking in puzzlees to be annoying. A paradox arises only out of an ambiguity that deceives ei ther unwittingly or by design. I dont like that in science and I dont like it in casual conversation, either, unless it is meant humorously, which I think is not the case now.Dors laughed in her particular way, softly, or so as though amusement were too precious to be shared in an overliberal gentlemans gentlemanner. Apparently the paradox has annoyed you into pomposity and you are always humorous when you are pompous. However, Ill explain. Its not my intention to annoy you. She reached over to pat his hand and it was to Seldons strike (and slight embarrassment) that he found that he had clenched his hand into a fist.Dors said, You talk about psychohistory a great deal. To me, at any rate. You know that?Seldon cleared his throat. I cause myself on your mercy as far as thats concerned. The project is secret-by its truly nature. Psychohistory wont work unless the people it affects know nothing about it, so I arse talk about it only to Yugo and to you. To Yugo, it is all intuitio n. Hes brilliant, but he is so apt to leap wildly into darkness that I must play the role of caution, of forever pulling him back. But I have my wild thoughts, too, and it helps me to be able to hear them aloud, even-and he smiled-when I have a more or less good notion that you dont understand a word Im saying.I know Im your sounding board and I dont mind. I really dont mind, Hari, so dont begin qualification inner resolutions to change your behavior. Naturally I dont understand your mathematics. Im just a historian-and not even a historian of science. The influence of economic change on political development is what is taking up my conviction now-Yes, and Im your sounding board on that or hadnt you noticed? Ill need it for psychohistory when the time comes, so I fishy youll be an indispensable help to me.Good Now that weve settled why you stay with me-I knew it couldnt be for my ethereal beauty-let me go on to explain that occasionally, when your discussion veers away from the strictly mathematical aspects, it seems to me that I get your drift. You have, on a number of occasions, explained what you call the necessity of minimalism. I think I understand that. By it, you mean-I know what I mean.Dors demeanored hurt. Less lofty, please, Hari. Im not trying to explain to you. I want to explain it to myself. You say youre my sounding board, so act like one. reverse is fair play, isnt it?Turnabout is fine, but if youre going to load me of loftiness when I say one little-Enough Shut up You have told me that minimalism is of the highest impressiveness in applied psychohistory in the art of attempting to change an undesired development into a desired one or, at any rate, a toss undesired one. You have said that a change must be applied that is as minute, as minimal, as possible-Yes, said Seldon eagerly, that is because-No, Hari. Im trying to explain. We both know that you understand it. You must have minimalism because ein truth change, any change, has a myria d of side effects that cant always be allowed for. If the change is side effects too many, then it becomes certain that the outcome testament be far removed from anything youve planned and that it would be entirely unpredictable.Right, said Seldon. Thats the essence of a chaotic-effect. The problem is whether any change is small enough to make the consequence reasonably predictable or whether human history is inevitably and unalterably chaotic in every respect. It was that which, at the start, made me think that psychohistory was not-I know, but youre not letting me make my exhibit. Whether any change would be small enough is not the issue. The point is that any change greater than the minimal is chaotic. The required minimum whitethorn be zero, but if it is not zero, then it is still very small-and it would be a major problem to fancy any(prenominal) change that is small enough and yet is significantly greater than zero. Now, that, I gather, is what you mean by the necessity of minimalism. more or less, said Seldon. Of course, as always, the matter is expressed more compactly and more rigorously in the language of mathematics. See here-Save me, said Dors. Since you know this about psychohistory, Hari, you ought to know it about Demerzel, too. You have the knowledge but not the understanding, because it apparently doesnt occur to you to apply the rules of psychohistory to the Laws of Robotics.To which Seldon replied faintly, Now I dont see what youre getting at.He requires minimality, too, doesnt he, Hari? By the rootage Law of Robotics, a robot cant harm a human macrocosm. That is the prime rule for the usual robot, but Demerzel is something quite unusual and for him, the zeroth Law is a reality and it takes precedence even over the First Law. The Zeroth Law states that a robot cant harm humanity as a whole. But that puts Demerzel into the same bind in which you exist when you labor at psychohistory. Do you see?Im beginning to.I apply so. If Demerzel h as the ability to change minds, he has to do so without bringing about side effects he does not wish-and since he is the Emperors First Minister, the side effects he must refer about are numerous, indeed.And the application to the present case? deal about it You cant tell anyone-except me, of course-that Demerzel is a robot, because he has adjusted you so that you cant. But how much version did that take? Do you want to tell people that he is a robot? Do you want to ruin his effectiveness when you depend on him for protection, for incarnate of your grants, for influence quietly exerted on your behalf? Of course not. The change he had to make then was a very tiny one, just enough to keep you from blurting it out in a moment of excitement or carelessness. It is so small a change that there are no particular side effects. That is how Demerzel tries to puzzle out the conglomerate generally.And the case of Joranum?Is obviously completely different from yours. He is, for whatever mot ives, unalterably opposed to Demerzel. Undoubtedly, Demerzel could change that, but it would be at the price of introducing a considerable wrench in Joranums makeup that would bring about results Demerzel could not predict. Rather than take the chance of harming Joranum, of producing side effects that would harm others and, possibly, all of humanity, he must surrender Joranum alone until he can find some small change-some small change-that leave behind save the situation without harm. That is why Yugo is right and why Demerzel is vulnerable.Seldon had listened but did not respond. He seemed lose in thought. Minutes passed before he said, If Demerzel can do nothing in this matter, then I must.If he can do nothing, what can you do?The case is different. I am not bound by the Laws of Robotics. I need not concern myself obsessively with minimalism. And to begin with, I must see Demerzel.Dors looked faintly anxious. Must you? Surely it wouldnt be wise to advertise a connection between the cardinal of you.We have reached a time where we cant make a fetish of pretending there is no connection. Naturally I wont go to see him behind a flap of trumpets and an announcement on holovision, but I must see him.5Seldon found himself raging at the passage of time. Eight years ago, when he had first arrived on Trantor, he could take instant action. He had only a hotel room and its contents to forsake and he could range through the sectors of Trantor at will.Now he found himself with department meetings, with decisions to make, with work to do. It was not so easy to dash off at will to see Demerzel-and if he could, Demerzel in any case had a-full schedule of his own. To find a time when they both could meet would not be easy.**Nor was it easy to have Dors shake her head at him. I dont know what you intend to do, Hari.And he answered impatiently, I dont know what I intend to do, either, Dors. I hope to find out when I see Demerzel.Your first duty is to psychohistory. Hell t ell you so.Perhaps. Ill find out.And then, just as he had arranged a time for the meeting with the First Minister, eight days hence, he received a subject on his department office wall screen in slightly archaic lettering. And to match that was the more than slightly archaic message I famish AN AUDIENCE WITH PROFESSOR HARI SELDON.Seldon stared at it with astonishment. Even the Emperor was not addressed in quite that centuries-old turn of phrase.Nor was the speck printed as it usually was for clarity. It was scripted with a flourish that left it perfectly legible and yet gave it the aura of a careless work of art dashed off by a master. The signature was LASKIN JORANUM. It was Jo-Jo himself, craving an audience.Seldon found himself chuckling. It was clear why the choice of words-and why the script. It made what was a simple request a device for stimulating curiosity. Seldon had no great desire to meet the man-or would have had none ordinarily. But what was worth the archaism and t he artistry? He wanted to find out.He had his secretary set the time and the place of the appointment. It would be in his office, certainly not in his apartment. A business conversation, nothing social.And it would come before the projected meeting with Demerzel.Dors said, Its no surprise to me, Hari. You hurt two of his people, one of them his chief aide you spoiled a little rally he was holding and you made him, in the person of his representatives, seem foolish. He wants to take a look at you and I think I had better be with you.Seldon shook his head. Ill take Raych. He knows all the tricks I know and hes a strong and active twenty-year-old. Although Im sure therell be no need for protection.How can you be sure?Joranum is coming to see me on the University grounds. There will be any number of youngsters in the vicinity. Im not exactly an unpopular figure with the student body and I suspect that Joranum is the kind of man who does his homework and knows that Ill be safe on home te rritory. Im sure that he will be perfectly polite-completely friendly.Hmph, said Dors with a light twist of one corner of her lip.And quite deadly, Seldon finished.6Hari Seldon kept his face expressionless and bent his head just sufficiently to allow a sense of reasonable courtesy. He had taken the trouble to look up a variety of holographs of Joranum, but, as is often the case, the real thing, unguarded, shifting constantly in response to changing conditions, is never quite the same as a holograph-however carefully prepared. Perhaps, thought Seldon, it is the response of the viewer to the real thing that makes it different.Joranum was a tall man-as tall as Seldon, at any rate-but larger in other directions. It was not due to a muscular physique, for he gave the impression of softness, without quite being fat. A rounded face, a thick head of hair that was sandy or else than yellow, light blue eyes. He wore a subdued coverall and his face bore a half-smile that gave the illusion of friendliness, composition making it clear, somehow, that it was only an illusion.Professor Seldon-his voice was deep and under strict control, an orators voice-I am delighted to meet you. It is kind of you to permit this meeting. I curse you are not offended that I have brought a companion, my right-hand man, with me, although I have not cleared that with you in advance. He is Gambol Deen Namarti-three names, you notice. I believe you have met him.Yes, I have. I remember the incident well. Seldon looked at Namarti with a touch of the sardonic. At the previous encounter, Namarti had been speaking at the University Field. Seldon viewed him carefully now-under relaxed conditions. Namarti was of diaphragm height, with a thin face, sallow complexion, dark hair, and a wide mouth. He did not have Joranums half-smile or any noticeable expression-except for a sense of overcautious wariness.My friend Dr. Namarti-his degree is in ancient literature-has come at his own request, said Joranu m, his smile intensifying a bit, to apologize.Joranum glanced quickly at Namarti-and Namarti, his lips tightening just at first, said in a colorless voice, I am sorry, Professor, for what happened at the Field. I was not quite aware of the strict rules governing University rallies and I was a little carried away by my own enthusiasm.Understandably so, said Joranum. Nor was he entirely aware of your identity. I think we may all now forget the matter.I assure you, gentlemen, said Seldon, that I have no great desire to remember it. This is my son, Raych Seldon, so you see I have a companion, too.Raych had grown a mustache, black and abundant-the masculine mark of the Dahlite. He had had none when he first met Seldon eight years before, when he was a street boy, plague and hungry. He was short but lithe and sinewy and his expression was the haughty one he had adopted in order to add a a couple of(prenominal) spiritual inches to his physical height.Good morning, young man, said Joranum .Good morning, sir, said Raych.Please sit down, gentlemen, said Seldon. May I offer you something to eat or drink?Joranum held up his hands in polite refusal. No, sir. This is not a social call. He seated himself in the place indicated. Though I hope there will be many such calls in the future.If this is to be about business, then lets begin.The news reached me, Professor Seldon, of the little incident that you have so kindly agreed to forget and I wondered why you took the chance of doing what you did. It was a risk, you must admit.I didnt think so, actually.But I did. So I took the indecorum of finding out everything I could about you, Professor Seldon. Youre an interesting man. From Helicon, I discovered.Yes, thats where I was born. The records are clear.And youve been here on Trantor for eight years.That is also a matter of overt record.And you made yourself quite famous at the start by delivering a mathematical paper on-what do you call it?-psychohistory?Seldon shook his head very slightly. How often he had regretted that indiscretion. Of course, he had had no idea at the time that it was an indiscretion. He said, A youthful enthusiasm. It came to nothing.Is that so? Joranum looked around him with an air of pleased surprise. further here you are, the head of the Mathematics Department at one of Trantors greatest Universities, and only forty years old, I believe. Im forty-two, by the way, so I dont look upon you as very old at all. You must be a very competent mathematician to be in this position.Seldon shrugged. I wouldnt care to make a judgment in that matter.Or you must have respectable friends.We would all like to have powerful friends, Mr. Joranum, but I think you will find none here. University professors rarely have powerful friends or, I sometimes think, friends of any kind. He smiled.And so did Joranum. Wouldnt you consider the Emperor a powerful friend, Professor Seldon?I certainly would, but what has that to do with me?I am under the impressi on that the Emperor is a friend of yours.Im sure the records will show, Mr. Joranum, that I had an audience with His imperial beard Majesty eight years ago. It lasted perhaps an hour or less and I saw no signs of any great friendliness in him at the time. Nor have I spoken to him since-or even seen him-except on holovision, of course.But, Professor, it is not necessary to see or speak to the Emperor to have him as a powerful friend. It is sufficient to see or speak to Eto Demerzel, the Emperors First Minister. Demerzel is your protector and, since he is, we may as well say the Emperor is.Do you find First Minister Demerzels supposed protection of me anywhere in the records? Or anything at all in the records from which you can deduce that protection?Why search the records when it is well known that there is a connection between the two of you. You know it and I know it. Let us take it then as given and continue. And please-he raised his hands-do not take the trouble to give me any he artfelt denials. Its a waste of time.Actually, said Seldon, I was going to look why you should think that he would want to protect me. To what end?Professor? Are you trying to hurt me by pretending to think I am a monster of naivete? I mentioned your psychohistory, which Demerzel wants.And I told you that it was a youthful indiscretion that came to nothing.You may tell me a great many things, Professor. I am not compelled to accept what you tell me. Come, let me speak frankly. I have read your original paper and have tried to understand it with the help of some mathematicians on my staff. They tell me it is a wild dream and quite impossible-I quite agree with them, said Seldon.But I have the jot that Demerzel is hold for it to be developed and put to use. And if he can wait, so can I. It would be more useful to you, Professor Seldon, to have me wait.Why so?Because Demerzel will not endure in his position for much longer. Public opinion is turning against him steadily. It may be t hat when the Emperor wearies of an unpopular First Minister who threatens to whiff the throne down with him, he will find a replacement. It may even be my poor self whom the Emperors fancy will seize upon. And you will still need a protector, someone who can see to it that you can work in peace and with ample funds for whatever you need in the way of equipment and assistants.And would you be that protector?Of course-and for the same reason that Demerzel is. I want a successful psychohistoric technique so that I can rule the Empire more efficiently.Seldon nodded thoughtfully, waited a moment, then said, But in that case, Mr. Joranum, why must I concern myself in this? I am a poor scholar, upkeep a quiet life, engaged in out-of-the-way mathematical and pedagogical activities. You say that Demerzel is my present protector and that you will be my future protector. I can go quietly about my business, then. You and the First Minister may fight it out. Whoever prevails, I have a protecto r still-or, at least, so you tell me.Joranums stubborn smile seemed to fade a bit. Namarti, at his side, turned his dour face toward Joranum and made as though to say something, but Joranums hand moved slightly and Namarti coughed and did not speak.Joranum said, Dr. Seldon. Are you a patriot?Why, of course. The Empire has given humanity millennia of peace-mostly peace, at any rate-and fostered steady advancement.So it has-but at a slower ill-treat in the last century or two.Seldon shrugged. I have not studied such matters.You dont have to. You know that, politically, the last century or two has been a time of turmoil. Imperial reigns have been short and sometimes have been shortened further by assassination-Even mentioning that, put in Seldon, is close to treason. Id rather you didnt-Well, there. Joranum threw himself back in his seat. See how insecure you are. The Empire is decaying. Im willing to say so openly. Those who follow me do so because they know only too well it is. We need someone at the Emperors right hand who can control the Empire, subdue the rebellious impulses that seem to be arising everywhere, give the armed forces the natural leaders they should have, lead the economy-Seldon made an impatient stopping motion with his arm. And youre the one to do it, are you?I intend to be the one. It wont be an easy job and I doubt there would be many volunteers-for good reason. Certainly Demerzel cant do it. Under him, the decline of the Empire is accelerating to a total breakdown.But you can stop it?Yes, Dr. Seldon. With your help. With psychohistory.Perhaps Demerzel could stop the breakdown with psychohistory-if psychohistory existed.Joranum said calmly, It exists. Let us not pretend it does not. But its existence does not help Demerzel. Psychohistory is only a tool. It necessitate a brain to understand it and an arm to wield it.And you have those, I take it?Yes. I know my own virtues. I want psychohistory.Seldon shook his head. You may want it all yo u please. I dont have it.You do have it. I will not argue the point. Joranum leaned closer as though wishing to bring in his voice into Seldons ear, rather than allowing the sound waves to carry it there. You say you are a patriot. I must replace Demerzel to avoid Imperial destruction. However, the manner of replacement efficacy itself weaken the Empire desperately. I do not wish that. You can advise me how to achieve the end smoothly, subtly, without harm or damage-for the sake of the Empire.Seldon said, I cannot. You accuse me of knowledge I do not possess. I would like to be of assistance, but I cannot.Joranum stood up absolutely. Well, you know my mind and what it is I want of you. Think about it. And I ask you to think about the Empire. You may feel you owe Demerzel-this despoiler of all the millions of planets of humanity-your friendship. Be careful. What you do may shake the very foundation of the Empire. I ask you to help me in the name of the quadrillions of human beings who fill the Galaxy. Think of the Empire.His voice had dropped to a thrilling and powerful half-whisper. Seldon felt himself almost trembling. I will always think of the Empire, he said.Joranum said, Then that is all I ask right now. Thank you for consenting to see me.Seldon watched Joranum and his companion leave as the office doors slid open noiselessly and the men strode out.He frowned. Something was bothering him-and he was not sure what it was.7Namartis dark eyes remained fixed on Joranum as they sat in their carefully shielded office in the Streeling Sector. It was not an elaborate headquarters they were as yet weak in Streeling, but they would grow stronger.It was amazing how the movement was growing. It had started from nothing three years back and now its tentacles stretched-in some places more thickly than others, of course-throughout Trantor. The Outer Worlds were as yet largely untouched. Demerzel had sonorous mightily to keep them content, but that was his mistake. It was here on Trantor that rebellions were dangerous. Elsewhere, they could be controlled. Here, Demerzel could be toppled. Odd that he should not realize that, but Joranum had always held to the theory that Demerzels study was overblown, that he would prove an empty shell if anyone dared oppose him, and that the Emperor would destroy him quickly if his own security seemed at stake.So far, at least, all of Joranums predictions had come to pass. He had never once lost his way except in minor matters, such as that recent rally at Streeling University in which this Seldon familiar spirit had interfered.That might be why Joranum had insisted on the interview with him. Even a minor toe stub must be taken care of. Joranum enjoyed the feeling of infallibility and Namarti had to admit that the vision of a constant string of successes was the surest way of ensuring the continuation of success. People tended to avoid the humiliation of failure by joining the obviously pleasing side even aga inst their own opinions.But had the interview with this Seldon been a success or was it a second stub of the toe to be added to the first? Namarti had not enjoyed having been brought along in order to be made to humbly apologize and he didnt see that it had done any good.Now Joranum sat there, silent, obviously lost in thought, gnawing at the edge of one thumb as though trying to draw some sort of mental nourishment from it.Jo-Jo, said Namarti softly. He was one of the very hardly a(prenominal) people who could address Joranum by the diminutive that the crowds shouted out endlessly in public. Joranum solicited the love of the mob in this way, among others, but he demanded respect from individuals in private, except for those special friends who had been with him from the start.Jo-Jo, he said again.Joranum looked up. Yes, G.D., what is it? He sounded a little testy.What are we going to do about this Seldon fellow, Jo-Jo?Do? Nothing right now. He may join us.Why wait? We can put pres sure on him. We can pull a few strings at the University and make life miserable for him.No no. So far, Demerzel has been letting us go our way. The fool is overconfident. The last thing we want to do, though, is to push him into action before we are quite ready. And a heavy-handed move against Seldon may do it. I suspect Demerzel places enormous importance on Seldon.Because of this psychohistory you two talked about?Indeed.What is it? I have never heard of it.Few people have. Its a mathematical way of analyzing human society that ends by predicting the future.Namarti frowned and felt his body move slightly away from Joranum. Was this a joke of Joranums? Was this intended to make him laugh? Namarti had never been able to work out when or why people expected him to laugh. He had never had an urge to.He said, Predict the future? How?Ah? If I knew that, what need would I have of Seldon?Frankly I dont believe it, Jo-Jo. How can you foretell the future? Its fortune-telling.I know, but af ter this Seldon broke up your little rally, I had him looked into. All the way. Eight years ago, he came to Trantor and presented a paper on psychohistory at a convention of mathematicians and then the whole thing died. It was never referred to again by anyone. Not even by Seldon.It sounds as though there were nothing to it, then.Oh no, just the reverse. If it had faded slowly, if it had been subjected to ridicule, I would have said there was nothing to it. But to be cut off suddenly and completely means that the whole thing has been placed in the deepest of freezes. That is why Demerzel may have been doing nothing to stop us. Perhaps he is not being guided by a foolish overconfidence perhaps he is being guided by psychohistory, which must be predicting something that Demerzel plans to take advantage of at the right time. If so, we might fail unless we can make use of psychohistory ourselves.Seldon claims it doesnt exist.Wouldnt you if you were he?I still say we ought to put pressur e on him.It would be useless, G.D. Didnt you ever hear the story of the Ax of Venn?No.You would if you were from Nishaya. Its a famous folktale back home. In brief, Venn was a woodcutter who had a magic ax that, with a bingle light blow, could chop down any tree. It was enormously valuable, but he never made any effort to hide it or preserve it-and yet it was never stolen, because no one could lift or swing the ax but Venn himself.Well, at the present moment, no one can handle psychohistory but Seldon himself. If he were on our side only because we had forced him, we could never be certain of his loyalty. Might he not urge a course of action that would seem to work in our favor but would be so subtly drawn that, after a while, we found ourselves quite suddenly destroyed. No, he must come to our side voluntarily and labor for us because he wishes us to win.But how can we bring him around?Theres Seldons son. Raych, I think hes called. Did you chance on him?Not particularly.G.D., G.D ., you miss points if you dont observe everything. That young man listened to me with his heart in his eyes. He was impressed. I could tell. If theres one thing I can tell, it is just how I impress others. I know when I have shaken a mind, when I have edged someone toward conversion.Joranum smiled. It was not the pseudowarm ingratiating smile of his public demeanor. It was a genuine smile this time-cold, somehow, and menacing.Well see what we can do with Raych, he said, and if, through him, we can reach Seldon.

Drug Addiction and Thesis Statement

Drugs addiction is a problem faced by many masses of the world, it is a take that interests many writers, and they wish to write an quiz on do drugss for this theme. Drugs are very wounding and keep the capableness of dragging an individual towards death and destruction. People all over the world want to eradicate the uncomely situation of drug addiction from this world and this is the reason why they are busy in opus essays on drugs.Essays on drugs are of many types such as war on drugs essay, essay on performance enhancing drugs in sports, essay on drug abuse, essay on illegal drugs, essay on drug addiction, essay on drug use, essay on drugs and alcohol and essay on drug testing, etc. The essays on drugs should be initiated by bringing in the information related to the topic of the essay on drug. You should know what drugs are.In an essay on drugs, you allow for have to write about drugs, their affects and the reasons due to which people use them, you have to include the i nformation about why the drugs are so famous and how harmful are they. A persuasive essay on drugs will be 1, which will be agree to the topic of the essay on drugs. It should have a full-fledged introduction, which should introduce the topic completely. The introduction should alike have a dissertation statement that should be the main idea of the essay on drugs.A thesis statement should be based on the essay question to which your essay on drugs is an answer. A thesis statement of an essay on drugs can be one sentence or more than one sentence but it is suggested that it should be only one sentence. Essays on drug abuse or essays on drug addiction should be written by arranging the ideas in a format that should be understandable. You should divide your ideas in different paragraphs for an essay on drug abuse or for war on drugs essay.One paragraph should contain one idea and should not go towards a second idea, as it will reduce the comprehensiveness of the paragraph of essay about drugs. The essays on drugs should be written by researching the topic of drugs thoroughly so that the writer can depict information knowledgably. If you feel disturbed by an object lesson of writing an essay on drugs, you can also get plagiarism free essays on drugs from rule writing websites, which are there for your assistance and support in terms of writing essays on drugs.

Jack Daniel’s Social Responsibility Essay

This essay presents some of the rattling key issues expressed over the time f consummationor and global changes with implications on how society accepts the attitude of the corporation in preexperimental condition of its social indebtedness to the demands and expectations. Each era has set new challenges to the scalawag Daniel so as to act in accordance with its policy of beingness socially responsible to sell its products with publicizing of regional trade trends by besides keeping in line with the production and running costs.In this essay, the points that have been con tended be that how consumers are stimulated in buying jack up Daniel products from the social and moral values exemplified by the marketing campaigns in pure responsible way of letting good deal k straightaway their concern to appropriate deglutition age and self-accountability. The market trends are shown in this essay to reflect the growth and market strategy exercised by jak Daniel, a companions hip of Brown-Forman Conglomerate. The essay covers the following areas Outline 1. Introduction to kind Responsibility 2. mixer Responsibility in Entity Form3. Getting to know yap Daniel 4. diachronic Perspective in Social Responsibility 5. Historical Perspective in Social Responsibility 6. Society Expectations 7. Corporate Social system 8. Closer Look on Jack Daniels Social Responsibility 9. Success in the Responsible place 10. Conclusion Introduction to Social Responsibility Social Responsibility appears in the society with two variant perspectives as interpreted by the people setting up the norms of that society. Firstly, we act in a positivistic common sense nigh which we perceive is our social business to do so.Secondly, we renounce from the kind of act that seems to move negatively to the society that again shows our social responsibility by behaving in such(prenominal) a expression. The evaluation of our act whether in irresponsible or negative is determined by what kind of society we alive in and how it is based on some pre-defined values and common apprehension among the habitants. So e very(prenominal) person, being part of the society, determines how he or she would react to the cultural values of society in frame of positive or negative social responsibility, if truly accepting the responsibility.Human psychology has developed in such a pure form of ethical grounds that every consumer of intoxicant drink believes to have remediate of buying a whiskey that is sold on moral standards of a society. Social responsibility speaks itself in both the cases of consumer and the producer that it starts from the producers end of responsibility to the consumers end to survive in the society with respect and on good grounds. Social Responsibility in Entity FormHowever in practical aspect, disparate entities (in form of people or organizations) tend to set their responsibility area as whether the entity is responsible to act for a specific pu rpose in the society. We can take example of an entity that is socially responsible for child labour rights or for minority rights protection, justifies its position in society in the form positive responsibility. This also involves some entities that are of corporal nature including organizations, which are responsible to provide violate growth prospective and benefits in equipment casualty of ethical obligations. obscure from self responsibility captivation, entities socially title in concerns of the society having an impact on the welfare and incumbent environment. Here I will discuss the case of Jack Daniel fulfilling the social responsibility by surviving in the global drinking society. Jack Daniel is basically a whiskey distiller based in US, whose founder is known as Jasper Newton Jack Daniel, is an entity of Brown Forman corporation. Getting to know Jack DanielFirstly, the ships company of Jack Daniel earns money by marketing intoxicant that is legally bought by peopl e who are all willing to pay prices of such intake with their doctor responsibility. For that reason, it is beyond the scope of responsibility of Jack Daniel to justify against each individuals self responsibility to act humane in the society. Secondly, from the existing scenario, the conflict also arises that this all income is dependent entirely on the detriment of the whole assign that happens as a consequence to its sole business operations.So the company takes in no moral, if not social, responsibility for the people to invest or utilize its services/products. What Jack Daniel has adopted now as a promotion campaign in lieu of its social responsibility characteristic and being the sponsor Richard Childress in NASCAR hie is their slogan of Pace Yourself. Drink Responsibly Historical Perspective in Social Responsibility By moving through a timeline, we can very easily distinguish as how Jack Daniel has coped with the growing responsibility of surviving in the global industry, and in markets full of social and moral values.In the early stages of organizational restructuring, the company greatly emphasized on enhancing its public moving picture with acquaints and precautions of use of alcohol as commonly understood meaning of having its whiskey consumable after effects. We can with mutual understanding call it the awareness campaign that taking whiskey part driving or presenting in the society they should be in a judicious competence.The awareness has now spread comprises definitely of the marketing gizmos that more importantly accentuated on having their product (whisky) is solely considered for adults, thereby understanding the fact that they completely accept to the post conditions of drinking, when not being moderate. Drinking dilemmas were discussed during this time to publicly interpenetrate the facts and figures in this regard. By get a lineing the historical defences, Jack Daniel, as speaking in basis of its rear company Brown-Forman, bears a history of highly approving social responsibility.Society Expectations Now that the consumers approximately the earth are getting more sophisticated on the dynamics influencing their life, Jack Daniel is looking for such incorporated strategies that not only comply with the positive attitude to the social norms in their market region, but are also effective in long term basis. No matter how the consumer behaviour changes in terms of the revolutionary or cultural tends, companies tend to mould their attitude, both positive and negative, with the regional social norms in perspective.People now seek out the brands, talking in standpoint of alcohols now, that more naturally agree with the societys welfare. Specific consumers to a brand, like Jack Daniel, have built expectations vis-a-vis to the manner of addressing social concerns very firmly connected to its products and mode of business rules and policies. The protection of environmental laws and public wellness awareness campaig ns have made Jack Daniel consider on lines of establishing links with the major social outcomes from different regions and cultural civilizations.Corporate Social Strategy However, considering the drivers class, Jack Daniel is spreading its straight and particular message around the world to all the civilizations and societies is to drink responsibly enough to drive carefully, as also explained above in Getting to Know Jack Daniel. Both in terms of selling and promotional stratagem, the company responsibly brought out its products bearing a positive gratitude towards its consumers with distilled spirits products.Jack Daniels marketing approach is in the beginning based on the target audience thereby addressing only the adults and consumers of proper legal age to drink. From the reliable promotional campaigns, it looks obvious that the company is seriously concerned slightly presenting their image as a corporate that stands on social values of its very varied consumers. Growing am ongst global trends in specialized market and branding, Jack Daniel has emerged as a guide to the other entities by selling its products in a very responsible manner.Closer Look on Jack Daniels Social Responsibility Taking a look in to the recognition of the company, it is also a founding member of the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States (DISCUS). Clint Bowyer, a racing driver on its website, highlights the DISCUS convention in terms of its code of conduct that comprises of a very essential stipulation, which affirms its social responsible approach that alcohol advertisements will only appear in media reach an audience of at least 70 percent above the legal drinking age (Clint Bowyer, 2006).Apart from the marketing strategies, another key point in brand recognition is to present a picture of the corporate with the most logical way of social awareness, that is to say, is by educating the public rather than only the consumers roughly the impacts of alcoholism. This approac h can be seen in the market designed programs of its parent company Brown-Forman which emphasizes a lot on encouraging the adults and the youth to determine how to likely deal with the implications of drinking thereby surviving in the society with a respectful living.It has been observed that a large amount of investment in terms of funding programs to publicize the message of responsible drinking and consuming the products with their sole responsibility in selling and proper usage of products. Success in the Responsible Attitude As the latest financial avowals by Howard Riell, Jack Daniel has clutched a top position as top whiskey brand in the States with its national sales to almost another 6. 5% growth and precise selling of more than 45 million 9-liter cases (Howard).Consumers have shown very upbeat response to the brand in terms of speaking about its history of maintaining a tie with social values that are backed by the traditions followed in the extrospective products and in retail market. Normally young age consumers are seen to be most happy about the distilled products from Jack Daniel, whose most prominent strategy is their employee age history as of ranging from 21-29 years. Also, the key success grammatical constituent seems to be the relations the company keeps with its distributors and the concerned media in very rightful manner in promoting its products.thither always seem to be something common about top most globally selling brands also speaking of Jack Daniel, the regional popularity of the brand also shows the impinge on consumer buying behaviour. Socially hold brand reveals a marketing niche on the consumers attitude to get a drink that is less(prenominal) hard than the competing brands and has successful reputation in the region where it may only be the single acquirable brand. Also considering the media-speak-out to public, people feel that Jack Daniel products seem to be complying with the moral norms of broadcasting.Jack Daniel whi skey ads on the media network are seen as appropriate to be publicized based on the quality criteria of drinks and the companys shift to liquor with quite handy to be sold on stores selling beer or wine. Conclusion From the evolution of human society in different parts of the world, people have tend to seek the quality in the products that have an impact as stimulating factors on their mind. Drinking of alcohol is prohibited in some cultures or religions in some parts of the world however where people have taken it as a vital element in their lives among earning, living, eating etc.So the competition of whisky (being an alcoholic drink) has emerged to classify whiskey manufacturers in order of their priorities for selling their products to the drinkers having a sense of affects of its usage. Jack Daniel has in these terms has quite successfully managed to enlighten its organizational strengths by recognizing the social responsibilities that signify around the corporate success fact or. We can see this success originating from the main factors of social responsibility, as from the statement of People recognize that global companies wield extraordinary influence, both positive and negative, on societys well-being. (Douglas, John, Earl 2004, p4). This social recognition in terms of its own corporate strategies of brand marketing and consumer attitude toward Jack Daniel products is a very high example of business taking care of human welfare with the condition of accepting the usage responsibility.BibliographyDouglas, John, & Earl, How Global Brands Compete, Harvard Business Review, p4, Harvard Business School Publishing (2004), Retrieved on November 22, 2006 Clint Bowyer. formal website (2001) Retrieved November 22, 2006, from http//www.clintbowyer.com/