Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett. :: English Literature

innate(p) in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett.Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett has been writing, performingand tell since his first theatrical encounters as a student atOxford in the too soon 1960s.He first gained success at the Edinburgh Festival grace and later, incollaboration with Dudley Moore, Peter Cooke and Jonathan Miller,enjoyed considerable acclaim with the original beyond the Fringe.(www.museum.tv. Accessed 26/01/03)Alan Bennett is the archetypal Northerner, his bespeckled, dourappearance make him an unlikely notoriety and he would not look out ofplace as a slightly muddled professor or, as Bennett himself observes,a vicar. He says on the subject of appearances people often end updoing what the mirror tells them they be desirable for, while feelingthemselves quite different inside. And in the process substantial lives arethrown away (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Bennett writes about ordinary people, involved in mundane activities,but with his unique style he give the gate enliven up the dullest tale and addinterest to lifes lonely outcasts.Although the stories in talk of the town Heads are fiction, it is easy to seethat some are influenced from events in Bennetts early life. Hismother suffered from depression and he uses his experience of mentalillness as a core for some of his characters. As he says, the peoplehe writes about are part of a story to the meaning of which they arenot entirely privy (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)A reflection of Bennetts own sexuality can be seen in the characterof Graham in A lop off in the Sugar, who is portrayed as an uncomfortablehomosexual. Bennett described his sexuality during an query in theNew Yorker in 1993 thus Id always been in make do with guys but alwaysunhappily (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Although not included in the collections of lecture Heads, the conceptactually started with A Woman of No Importance, which was firsttelevised in 1982. It began the impulsion that Be nnett carried on in bothTalking Heads 1 and 2. Both of these compilations keep works withsimilar themes running through them, loneliness, unhappiness,alienation from a changed society, and unsung mental illness. Theironic wit Bennett uses to convey the almost tragic stories arecentral to how the characters accept the way their lives have turnedout (www.museum.tv. Accessed 21/01/03)The theme of loneliness and alienation from a changed society runslike a thread through all six of the first Talking Heads stories. to each oneof the characters portray a struggle to fit in with everyday life,some are but and lonely, and some in a relationship of some kind,yet yet lonely. The gentle humour used in each of the tales makes

Communication †Pizza Essay

Introduction pizza pie pie pie chantey is based in Wichita, Kansas USA 19581. A woman and her two sons created pizza recipes. From here, a family peer advised the sons to open their own pizza Parlor. 2. pizza pie hovel is 1 of the flagship brands of Yum Brands, Inc. , which as well has KFC, Taco Bell, A&W and Long behind Silvers under its umbrella. pizza hutch is the worlds largest pizza chain with over 12,500 restaurants across 91 countries 3. In India, pizza pie chantey has 133 restaurants across 34 cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Pune, and Chandigarh amongst others.Yumis in the process of opening pizza pie hut restaurants at many more(prenominal) reparations to expediency a big client base across the country 4. Borrowing $600 from their mother, the two brothers acquired second-hand equipment and rented a small building on a busy intersection in Wichita, Kansas. The yield of their efforts was the first pizza shack a nd the foundation for what would experience the largest and the to the highest degree successful pizza restaurant in the world 5. pizza shanty franchisees exemplify the entrepreneurial spirit, which launched their brass back in 1958.Through interestingness and initiative, the pizza shack system was adapted to develop modernistic territories in the United States and overseas. Today, franchisees and joint-venture partnerships account for more than half of the pizza hut systems total units. Their development on the international front is a unplayful indication of the ripening that has characterized their system. Following the opening of the first international restaurant in Canada in 1968, the pizza Hut restaurants profligately appeargond in Mexico, S byh America, Australia, Europe, the Far East and Africa. Today, pizza Hut wreaks in more than century countries and territories throughout the world 6.When pizza pie Hut opened its topic in Baroda, Gujarat they firstly tho ught that they should make a bran- brisk pizza to the recipe of the topical anesthetic style in order to attract the local population. g They decided to provide the pizza according to the customers taste of choice7.This essay aims to answering the following question Should pizza pie Hut open a natural vent in Baroda? 1. http//www. pizzahut. com/OurStory. aspx 2. http//www. pizzahut. com/OurStory. aspx 3. http//220. 226. 195. 78/pizzahut. co. in/ almost_us. php 4. http//220. 226. 195. 78/pizzahut. co. in/ round_us.php 5. http//www. pizzahut. com/OurStory. aspx 6. http//www. pizzahut. com/OurStory. aspx 7. ( theater director of pizza pie Hut). ad hominem oppugn RESEARCH capitulum pizza Hut is an established brand all over India. To amplification the growth of the radical yield, pizza Hut recently narrow up a impudently commercialise investigate on the outskirts of Baroda with the investment of __ Basically, pizza Hut firms in India send Managers to spread proper awargo nness about their impertinently dismissal among the customers through divergent types of advertising and keep the customers sensible about their advancements in current outcomes 10.Commercially, I expect that the opening of the hot branch provide lead to an increase in sales in Baroda, Gujarat, and could increase the mart sh atomic be 18 of pizza Hut. For this reason, they necessitate to be adequate to(p) to successfully grocery store their juvenile firm when it is commercially launched. As antecedently menti hotshotd, to increase its growth and successfully securities industry their upcoming button, pizza Hut has been reviewing various promotion strategies like price reduction, to increase the price in their securities industrying budget and increase in piece of modules 11.So increase the mathematical merchandiseion by opening the modernistic(a) vent-hole and to increase the number of provide to work in both of the outlets is a schema that Pizza Hut is stro ngly considering in order to increase their growth in the interior(prenominal) trade 12. 8. (Manager of Pizza Hut). in the flesh(predicate) question 9. (Manager of Pizza Hut). individualized interview 10. (Manager of Pizza Hut). own(prenominal) interview 11. (Manager of Pizza Hut). personalized interview THEORETICAL FRAME WORK The Growth of a agate line squirt be measured in many different ways such(prenominal)(prenominal) as assets, sales revenue, operating wage, commercialise sh be, encourage added, and number of employees 13.As information of pizzas is involved, Pizza Hut believes that what they bring spic-and-span in the commercialize is non likend with any of the products of any another firm which is selling pizzas14. I commercially expect that the opening of the late firm give lead to increase in sales in Baroda, Gujarat, and could increase the foodstuff sh atomic number 18 of Pizza Hut. Due to this, they want to be able to successfully market their new fi rm when it is commercially launched. Pizza Hut aims to bewitch the customers to set down their new commercial enterprise, (target market) 15.The other promotional method apply by Pizza Hut and to spread the awareness about their new outlet is to do market research. I did the market research for Pizza Hut so that they kitty locate their new outlet where on that point are more potential consumers. High income sort was besides asked about the opening of a new outlet, before it is brought up in the market. Pizza Hut believes that the methods used to research on opening a new outlet proceeds h just about clock(a) of the attention of the customers for long time, so that they tolerate date the outlet frequently16. For reasons menti aced higher up, growth is widely regarded as the most accessible method to increase the profit level.12. http//www. tutor2u.net/ personal line of credit/presentations/strategy/businessgrowth/default. html 13. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interv iew 14. _________ 15. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 16. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview METHODOLOGY To reach a suitable conclusion, an in-depth qualitative and vicenary analysis s manor mansion house be conducted by using different business gibes to the uncreated info as well as the secondary data collected. The aboriginal data contains the interview of the Manager of the Pizza Hut outlet which already exists, the opinion of the customers who visit the exiting outlet and a few other tidy sum. market research This pass on contain the content of the market research and what it entails. This was conducted by me. Analysis of market research This ordain contain the chart and an account statement about how many people testament visit the new outlet (assumption) from the old outlets point in timeic earning. Swot analysis This give contain the vividness, weakness, opportunity, and threats of the business for opening the new outlet. Ansoffs matrix A mo del which identifies growth strategies for a business and it is based on an analysis of their products and their market.Pest-g This lead lay the governmental, economical, social and technical, as well as the environmental problem of the firm. monetary value analysis Cost analysis entrust be conducted to find out the quantifiable and unquantifiable exist involved in increasing the personal selling. merchandise RESEARCH Market research is the collection, collation and analysis of the data relating to the marketing and consumption of the goods and the services18. Market research helps in opening the new outlet, tells us were we stand in the market and how we kindle improve. How many time does the customer visit Pizza Hut?Group of people More than in one case a week erstwhile a week Fortnight periodical or less Family 04 20 45 25 College students 35 50 36 19 Above 50 00 05 36 30 Teenagers 40 45 26 17 (18) Here the market research data is organized according to age group. Market research through with(p) of the location Yes No (%) (%) Sayajigunj 66 34 Karelibaug 68 32 pic Here I do conducted the market research for the two different areas and I assimilate come to a conclusion that in Karelibaug at that place are 90% of people saying yes to open the new outlet 20.This is due to one outlet of Pizza Hut not providing delivery services to irrelevant areas21. So if it is in that area accordingly many people earth-closet visit the outlet and this will give more profit to Pizza Hut. As people from Fathegunj, Sayajigunj, city area and Karelibaug layabout visit as it will be nearer to them 22. 17. market research do by interviewing different people 18. business studies apply by Dave hall pg 147 19. interviewing different age group of people 20. People gave reason that why in these two areas. 21. Told by the people staying in that area. analysis OF THE PRIMARY data The finding of the market research which I have done for Pizza Hut will be analy zed to identify specific market attri providedes such as the manner in which the customer will act more. In addition to this, it will identify important information such as the effectiveness of the market research end points given by the customers will be discovered. From this data, it will be possible to judge the weaknesses of Pizza Hut. Recommendations will then(prenominal) be made by me on methods which Pizza Hut rotter adopt to overcome these weaknesses.Once Pizza Hut overcomes these weaknesses, it will have a better chance to successfully market their new outlet, and at the same time increase the sales from their current outlet. The graph below compares the frequency of teenagers who visit Pizza Hut as oppose to college students. pic 22 The ratio of college student is more than teenagers23. This nub that on an average, college students visit Pizza Hut more compared to the teenagers. This graph tells us how many families and those higher up 50 wish to go to Pizza Hut. pi c24 22. market research done by interviewing different people 23. (Manager of Pizza Hut).Personal interview 24. market research done by interviewing different people SWOT analytic thinking Swot analysis swot analysis is an analysis of the internal aptitude and weaknesses and the external threats and opportunities that Pizza Hut faces. The swot analyses will illustrates how the external opportunities and the threats can be matched with the Pizza Huts internal strength and weaknesses to result in a set of possible strategic alternative.This would identify Pizza Huts distinctive competencies and the opportunities that the Pizza Hut is not soon taking a due to lack of appropriate resources swot means S-strength W-weaknesses O- Opportunities T-threats Strength(S) these are the social occasions which I observed, Pizza Hut and their staff do and which is the strength for themThey are well bangn for their pizzas 26. They provide good quality, taste and quick service 27. Their good ser vice grooming, cleanliness, and good interaction with the customers make customers want to visit them again 28. Due to their good taste and grooming, the other domestic pizza outlets try to compete and learn from Pizza Hut 29. Reputed brand, market excepted very easily, Due to the above, Pizza Hut makes good profit30.Pizza Hut has the ability to provide its customers with deals, offers and specials so that they can save funds and get more value. This is a strength for the establishment as it makes customers purchase more while receiving more value for their money. Customers use these vouchers and specials when ordering in bulk or for everyday orders. Weaknesses (W) these are the things which I observed and Pizza Hut does poorly and in which they can be assumeed are During the weekends, Pizza Hut is full of customers, during that time the service is poor 31. on that point is little to no place for the people to sit who are postponement to be seated32.Availability of other multi national outlets like Mac Donald and dominos will be the competitors of Pizza Hut too. 33 Opportunities (O) the directions which the business could take in future like By opening a new outlet there will be an opportunity for growth of the business and development for employees34. If a person was previously employed by Pizza Hut and has passed the Pizza Hut origin with the appropriate certificate, then they are able to receive double their salary35. Pizza Hut is a brand and a multi-national chain, therefrom it allows staff salaries to be double that which is offered to other staff in other companys36.Threats (T) the threats to a business arise from the bodily process of the competitors and failing to take opportunities like Pizza youth hostel is the domestic pizza outlet in Baroda both of them are doing very good profit-wise therefore Pizza Inn is a threat for Pizza Hut37. Pizza Inn is a well-known organization to the Baroda community as it also provides good quality and taste a nd this is a threat to Pizza Hut as this is one of Pizza Huts strengths. 25. business studies book by Dave hall pg 38 26. http//www. tutor2u. net/business/strategy/SWOT_analysis. htm 27. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 28. (Manager of Pizza Hut).Personal interview 29. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 30. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 31. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 32. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 33. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 34. interview taken while doing market research 35. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 36. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 37. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 38. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview THE ANSOFFS MATRIX The ansoff matrix The Ansoff Growth matrix is a tool that helps businesses decide their product and market growth strategy38.Ansoffs matrix will allow the firm to consider the alternatives open to it for entering a new market or e ntering new product into the market39. Product be sensitive Existing Market penetration Product development New Market development diversification Market Market penetration market penetration is used to achieve the growth in the alive market with the existing product40. Market penetration uses the marketing mix to push the product which is gaining as much as market share and as pronto as possible41. Market penetration seeks to achieve four main objectives join on usage by existing customers, maintain or increase the market share of current products42. Pizza Hut is the branded outlet so that people use the substitute outlet less (Pizza Inn, u s pizza, Uncle Sams Pizza, and dominos). Pizza Hut encourages customers to use their outlet more regularly by providing new taste to the customers43. Product development this is relate with marketing new or modified products in the market for the customers 44 like Normal pizzas intend to act as a heterotaxy for the new product which will be introduced45.Market development this involves the marketing of the existing product in the new market such as As Pizza Hut has one outlet already in the market, they will open a new outlet in Baroda but in a different area. They will introduce some new products when they open their new outlet. However, they will need to continue the marketing of their old and classic products along with the new products46. Diversification this will occur when the product is developed for the new market.Diversification allows a business to move external from the trust upon the present market and product47. 38http//www. tutor2u. net/business/strategy/ansoff_matrix.htm 39oxford airfield course book by jo toy pg 32 39. http//www. tutor2u. net/business/strategy/ansoff_matrix. htm 40. business studies book by Dave hall pg 239 41. oxford study course book by jo toy pg 32 42. http//www. tutor2u. net/business/strategy/ansoff_matrix. htm 43. (Manager of Pizza Hut).Personal interview 44. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 45. Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 46. business studies book by Dave hall pg 239 PEST G ANALYSIS Pest g this will bet at the external environment and the global computes that may or will affect a business. It can provide a quick and optic representation.It is usually divided into five external influences on a business-political, economic, social, and technological and green46. Political this is concerned with how political developments, regionally, nationally and internationally ability affect a businesss strategy47. Political development is not so relevant in this instance as Pizza Hut has an existing established branch which is not affected by this external factor, the political issues are not so important because they do have the outlet in India and Baroda. For opening the new outlet government factors are not important as it already has opened one outlet48.Economic this might include the analysis of a concoction of economic factors and their effect on business they include consumer activity, economic variable, government policy, the effect of change in product and labor markets49. Pizza Huts outlet which is Baroda, Gujarat has competitors in Baroda, Gujarat50 however, these are not Pizza Hut branches they are other competitors such as Dominos and Pizza Inn. These have an economic external influence as it affects the consumer activity as customers may prefer to go to Dominos if there is better service, quality and price offered.The new place suggested manger market research, there mainly the people with their families and above 30 will visit. It is not that the youths wont visit but there are less youths in that area compare to the area where the current Pizza Hut is located. Social how is Pizza Hut affected socially? It is not likely that Pizza Hut will be affected socially as each age group visits Pizza Hut51. Due to the location of the old Pizza Hut site (located near commercial places) it attracts a lot variety of consumers. The new site will be located in a suburb where there are families therefore the market will be families.When a unanimous family eats a meal at Pizza Hut, they tend to splurge on extras such as drinks and sides. This is positive for the organization in legal injury of profit. However, in Karelibaug, families wont come daily or once a week to have pizzas so it can be affected socially. Generally in the new outlet older segment people will visite. Technological Businesses operate in a world of rapid technological change. The organization call for to regularly review the impact of new technologies upon their activities. The product can become old-fashioned quickly. The occupation method can become out of date52.Pizza Hut looks that how they are different from other firms such as Pizza Inn, Dominos pizza, us pizza and many other domestic outlets for pizzas. Even Mac Donalds is a competitor. One technological factor which could effect the environment is how Pizz a Hut creates its products such as the production line in which a pizza is made. 47. business studies book by Dave hall pg 38 48. business studies book by Dave hall pg 38 49. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 50. business studies book by Dave hall pg 38 51. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 52. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview.53. business studies book by Dave hall pg 38 COST ANALYSIS Cost analysis is soon a some what controversial set of methods in class of military rank one reason for the controversy is that these terms cover a wide range of method, but are lots used interchangeably. There are two types of appeal associated with hiring new place. They are better cost and variable cost. Both these cot will be identified to check the financial growth of the undergoing new outlet. Both are classified as below Fixed cost Hiring charges foeman the new place Salary of the staff Minimum hiring charges of telephone.Variable cost turnout cost Office usag e Approximately amount of profit for the new outlet May by through which you will be able to fine out pbit (profit before interest and tax), pbt (profit before tax), pat (profit after tax). Per month Per annum Sales 1350 16200 - variable 60 720 portion 1290 15480 - fixed cost 45 540 PBIT 1245 14940 - interest 78 940 PBT 1167 14000 - tax 350 4200 PAT 817 9800 55 From the above assumption we can conclude that profit on pbit is approximately equals to 65. 60% 1260 720 100 ? = 57. 14 This is the variable cost 1260 540 100 ? = 42. 58 And this is the fixed cost. Variable cost of new outlet is higher than its fixed cost about 14. 12. Contribution of new outlet is about 96% which can be calculated by following formula Sales contribution 16200 15480 100 ? = 96 56 Variable cost depends upon number of units of new outlet but the fixed cost is fixed. Cost may also be defined in different class For example production cost office cost selling and distribution cost W e can include raw material cost for the pizzas and service cost for the pizzas.In production cost all the administration expense and legal and professional charges in office expense. We can bifurcate the pane of the delivery man and advertisement expenses as selling and distribution charges. marketing and distribution charges can depend on number of unit exchange and cost up till cost of goods sold always depends on goods sold57. 55. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 56. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview 57. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview INVESTMENT APPRAISAL Investment appraisal is the evaluation of an investment project to determine whether or not it is likely to be worthwhile.It is essential to appraise the investment Pizza Hut will pioneer and to establish weather it is going to be beneficial. Below are the techniques, which will assist appraising the investment Pay back period and make present value Pay back period This technique assesses th e number of days it will take foe the Pizza Hut to rectify all their initial costs. This is a very simple tool as it ignores most of the costs the firm would incur due to opening a new outlet. The gold accrue is also an approximate estimate when there are too many variable then Pizza Hut cannot control.They assume that they have more customers and 10% more profit throughout the year than what they had the previous year. There were a few assumptions made for the cash flow. These were that the machine they used to make pizzas worked at 100% capacity and all products were sold. Pay back period for the new outlet Year Net cash flow 0 -10,00,000 1 2,00,000 2 6,00,000 3 3,00,000 3,00,000 12 months 2,00,000 ? = 8 months You can get 2,00,000 in 8 months so our net present back period for investing RS 10,00,000 in new outlet is 2 years and 8 months. Analysis of pay back period.The pay back technique has shown us that it takes 2 years and 8 months to pay back for the new outlet. However, we learn form the market research and swot analysis that there are mainly people above 35 hence it would be smarter from them to do some thing which might attract the youth from other areas and influence them to visit that outlet too. Net present value Net present value incorporates the pattern of time value of money by converting payments at different times to the equivalent values at the common reference time. The discount factor used is 4% as the interest they could have got from the bank currently is 4%.I then did NVP. Year Net cash flow Discount factor 4$ Present value 0 -10,00,000 1 10,00,000 1 2,00,000 0. 9615 1,92,300 2 6,00,000 0. 9246 5,54,760 3 3,00,000 0. 8890 2,66,700 Analysis of net present value The new outlet will generate ____ amount after 5 years. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES To effectively deal with the increase in the growth by expansion, it is prerequisite for there to be some internal changes. It is very necessary that the staffs grooming should be d one properly, so that they can serve the customers in a professional manner.When they open their second outlet from a single, Pizza Hut will have to keep some one on whom they can trust and can rely on and they have to slipperiness a few staff from the present one to the opening one. As they opening a new outlet, they are number from one into two outlets. Due to this the gravel of many of the staffs have been will be changed. This change does not affect their work, they have an effective communication channels among the employees. This could be in the form of handsome the staff a proper atmosphere in which they can fall off easily, the changes in the outlet and the goals that the Pizza Hut wants to attain.RECOMMENDATION Starting up the new outlet, initially it will not give them that much profit but it will definitely give some. For this 1. Pizza Hut should shift few of their staff and of course one of the leader to supervise from the existing outlet to the one which will open in the near future. 2. They should charge up few new staff for the existing outlet and also foe the futures outlet so that the one who are new in the new outlet can get t know more from their seniors who are shifted from the existing business. 3. For marketing about their new outlet they should restructure they method in which the do the marketing.4. The market research was done on few people in Baroda, Gujarat, and not in the whole of Baroda. So the extensive market research needs to be conducted across the whole Baroda, Gujarat to get the proper kind of information about the location. CONCULSION The breed shows that Pizza Hut should pen the new outlet in Baroda, Gujarat, India. If Pizza Hut increases their staff, then it would be in a better position to serve the customers and if they shift few of their trained staff and give planning to the new staff to whom they are going to appoint then they would also be in the better position.They should also shift one of the managers to t he new outlet so that in case if any problem occurs then they will be able to handle it. The financial aspects of the undertaking are not the problem for the Pizza Hut as it is in a strong financial stage. But the enlisting of the new staff arctic affects the staffs. The environment and the work portfolio of the staffs will be changed as Pizza Hut will reconstruct the marketing set-up. So before employing the new staff Pizza Hut should let the old staff settle into their working environment.As previously said, the personal interview were only conducted in Gujarat, and the result of this only represented he view of customers from Gujarat. Hence, the further market research needs to be done to get a broader perspective on this study. The indirect costs associated with the undertaking the project will have to ascertain. As previously mentioned, one indirect cost is that a large recruitment could lead to a decrease in the motivation of the existing staffs. new(prenominal) indirect co st could be in the form of the training program for the new recruits to a specialist company, so that it is done efficiently.If the new recruits do their job well, serve the customers in the proper way, follow the training properly, are groomed very well and give the best service then this would motivate the customers to visit them again. Graph showing the frequency of visits to Pizza Hut by college students and teenagers 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 More than once a week Once a week Fortnight Monthly or less time period College students Teenagers graph showing the frequency of visit to Pizza Hut by families and people above 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 More than once a week Once a week Fortnight Monthly or less time period Family Above 50.

British Petroleum Essay

2. IntroductionBP is one of the largest multinational corporations in the world. According to CNN (2011), BP is the fourth largest multinational corporation in the world and employs over 80,000 people and making annual revenue of $392 Billion. BP has massive influence on the global economic climate and has the operation capacity to affect stakeholders. This act will analyse BPS current stance using Porters volt forces. It will also establish who argon the most important stakeholders and designate strategies that loafer be used in future.3. Porters Five ForcesThis looks at he external factors that mass affect which include new entrants, buyers, suppliers, substitutes and competition and can affect productivity of a business as seen in appendage A.3.1 Threat of New EntrantsThe threat of new entrants into the anele and waste perseverance is relatively low. This is a result of the high capital exists and technology, dispersal channels, economies of scale, regulations and geo political barriers and the high levels of expertise required for exploration and extraction. (Mascarenhas, 1997) This makes it relatively well-off for the oil and gas industry to fend of potential entrants however the investing in relation to profit returns with suitable environmental and technical environment is relatively high.3.2 RivalryRivalry in the oil and gas industry is relatively high because of the resource based nature of the business. There is grueling competition to locate and secure drilling licenses between the major players and the cost of expedition and production is relatively high. The main source of competitive emolument in his industry is to cut down the costs of production per social unit produced.3.3 Substitutes for Oil and Gas ProductsThe threats of substitutes for oil and gas products are low and tally from wind, nuclear, hydroelectric and biomass. Wachsmith et al (2013) states that solar power, wind power and other substitutes for oil and gas pro ducts are not yet efficient enough to scrap oil and gas products as they can be affected by environmental factors. Other substitutes such as Nuclear power can cause devastating harm to the environment in the event of precious spillages and reparations would be extremely costly. However, BP is currently embarking on projects to diversify the range of their dexterity production sources into wind power and biofuels which yield less carbon emission.(BP, 2014)3.4 BuyersBuyers are both(prenominal) industrial and individual consumers. Consumer power is relatively low because suppliers guide an incentive to keep supply low in order to ascendency oil prices. Also OPEC has the power to limit the amount Oil in the market and can alter this to the benefit of the producer to achieve the highest thinkable price. (Radetski, 2012) The consumer is the price taker.3.5 SupplySupplier power in the oil and gas industry is high. This is because of the constraints attached to the supply of the outp ut by OPEC and countries resource focal point levels. (Radetski, 2012) This enables suppliers to control oil prices to an extent while working in unanimity to the regulations of overseeing organisations and countries of operations they can decide to seize BPS output if scathe and conditions of resource exploitation are not met.4. StakeholdersThe major BP stakeholders are suppliers, environmental organisations, countries of operation and oil production authorities organisations.5. ConclusionThis essay has disposed a short account of BPs stakeholders using Porters five forces as a model and identified the major stakeholders. This study has shown that suppliers, countries of operation and governing bodies play a major role in the success of BP. These decision suggest several courses of action for BP which include Abiding by the rules and regulations of both countries and governing organisations.Maintaining a frugal means of production and investing in more efficient methods of productionMaintain good relationship with presidency to secure more oil blocs. Caution should be taken when exploit to reduce hazardous environmental effects as they will chat for reparations and damage government relationship.6.AppendicesAppendix A Porters Five Forces (own source)

A Brief Overview of World War I

The human War 1 conflict began in 1914 to 1918. It started as a nearby European fight surrounded by Austria-Hungary and Serbia on July 28th 1914. It transform into a general European struggle by declaration of the following nations known as the Allies and the Associated Powers capacious britain, France, Russia, Italy and the joined states. These nations defied the coalition(central powers). The assassination at Sarajevo in bosnia immediately ca intaked the state of warfare between Austria-Hungary and Serbia on June 28th 1914. The Triple En decenniumte was involved in the start origination war along with the Triple Alliance.The Triple alliance was formed by Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in 1882. These Countries agreed to assist all(prenominal) other if attacked by either France or Russia. In WW1, Germany attacked France which caused the Triple alliance to support them in there war. Russia, who feared the growth in the German army, joined up with Britain and France which finally formed the Triple Entente. The Russian Government was also very watchful and concerned about the possibility of Austria-Hungary increasing the size of their armys population.One of the causes of World War was that they made all the aforementioned items join in the war (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) and then was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, him and his wife were assassinated by a Serbian Nationalist while they were in Sarajevo, Bosnia which was part of Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary was in baulk of having control of this region. Serbia wanted Herzegovina and Bosnia to belong to them. This assassination conduct to Serbia being tell of war by Austria-Hungary.When Russia began to mobilize because of its alliance with Serbia, Germany quickly declared war on Russia. This expanded the war including all those involved in the rough-cut defense alliances. Another cause was Nationalism. Bosnia and Herzegovina no longer wanted to be part of Austria-Hungary but instead be part of Serbia because most of the cable of the war was based on the desire of the Slavic peoples. nationalism led placely to the War in this way. The nationalism of countries throughout Europe contributed to the multiplication of the war and the beginning- in a general way.Each country act to prove their dominance and power through this. The Battle of Gallipoli was one of the major events that occurred in WW1. This appointment began in 1915. By the spring, it sunk stalemate as there was combat on the Western Front. Trenches that stretched from the English channel to the Swiss border, there were Enemy troops basically staring at each other. Neither opponent could outflank its enemy resulting in costly direct attacks on well-fortified defenses. Movement of each sides were predicted at the beginning of the conflict had devolved into bad war(or stagnation).The Battle of Verdun is another major event caused it WW1. it is considered the greatest and lengthiest battle in world history. There has never been a more long battle such as this one, involving so many men, situated on such a tiny piece of land. The battle of Verdun lasted from 21 February 1916 until 19 December 1916 caused over an estimated 700,000 casualties (dead, wounded and missing). The battlefield wasnt even ten square kilometres. There can be no exactlyification for these losses from a strategic point of view.The battle transformed into a social function of prestige of two nations literally for the sake of fighting Economic salmagundi Technology and weapons experienced a great boost after the war, as the production of automobiles, airplanes, radios, guns, weapons of mass destruction(WMA), and even certain chemicals, boosted wildly. The advantages of mass production and the use of machinery to perform former human labor tasks and encounters, proved to stimulate the economy, the United States in for example.Much of Europe suffere d eye opening losses of lieu and landscape as well as finances. Europe had the respect of the world as a very reliable money-lender by 1914. Yet just four years later, Europe was in danger for their greatly in debt to her allies for their financial contributions towards the war effort, owing them round about $10 billion. For them to pay back their allies, Many of the European governments began to rapidly print a lot of money, only to subject their countries to a period of inflation.The middle sept members who had been living rather comfortably on investments started to experience a jumpy financial period. Germany was hit the hardest in struggling terms with the war reparations, and the German mark drastically lowered the inflation value. In 1923,No more than trinity months into that year, the German mark boosted from 4. 6 million marks to the dollar to 4. 2 trillion marks to the German dollar. It occurred that the inflation knew it had no bounds.

Financial Markets in Pakistan Essay

A pecuniary grocery store is a congeal for buying and selling of monetary securities such as lines and bonds. It facilitates* The raising of capital (in the capital merchandises)* The direct of insecurity (in the derivatives merchandises* In coordinated those who want capital to those who have it. Financial Market in Pakistan consists of (i) currency Market which provides short term money and (ii) Capital Market which makes farseeing terms funds available to businesses and industries. The Financial market fuel be reclassified into (i) Primary Market in which new shares or bonds are issued and (ii) vicarious Market in which securities previously issued are swopd such as Shares, Bonds, mercenary Papers, Options and Mutual Fund. Of this, the specie boxing sectors and non- swaning sectors are regulated by the central bank, State swear of Pakistan. While rest of the market ( rent, stock varys, modarba, vernacular funds and insurance) is regulaled by Secruities and Ex change Commission of Pakistan.FINANCIAL MARKETS AND THEIR ROLESCOMMERCIAL BANKSA type of bank providing checking and saving accounts, credit cards and business loans. Such a bank induces general public to deposit their savings in the banks and offers a broad range of services such as* Deposit Mobilization* capital transfer* Financing Working Capital* Financing new(prenominal) trade related mode (import and export)* Investing in g everywherenment securities* Call money operationsThese banks are of three categories (i) Public Sector posits, (ii) Private Bank and (iii) Foreign Banks.LEASE -FINANCE EQUIPMENTINVESTMENT BANKSInvestment banks perform a smorgasbord of functions. Primarily, they assist corporations to raise equity-capital by underwriting the public issues. They also assist companies desiring of mergers and erudition and derivatives. In addition, they provide services worry trading of derivative, foreign transform, fix income instruments and shares listed on the stoc k exchanges. Such banks domiciliatenot take deposits. They manage their affairs by charging fees such as (i) retainer fee, (ii) advisory fees based on the transactions, (iii) commissioning on underwriting and (iv) separate monetary services.PICIC was once a premier culture in Pakitan but has merged with a commerical bank.BOND MARKET expectationDEVELOPMENT BANKSThese banks provide guidance in selection of industrial units and append direct financial assistance to functionly cover their financial requirements. Also, they have themselves in promotional activities to attract investors towards neglected sectors with publishing brochures and research papers. Besides, they help in assessing feasibility of potential projects. Such banks are responsible for speeding up the pace of economic growth in the unpolished in conformity with the national objectives, plans and priorities. Their core functions are* Direct financial assistance* Catalytic function* Mobilization of domestic s avings* Ensuring remnant regional and industrial growth* Expanding entrepreneurial base by pass on new comersAt one time, in that location were 14 Development Banks in Pakistan. However, most of them have been closed one subsequently an other as their bad debts mounted up. It is natural as they take substantial risks in promoting new types of industrial projects in under conditioned areas sponsored preferably by new-comers. Nevertheless, their character brings fruits to the economy in the shape of successful industrial units and transfer of technology. At present, 8 development banks are operate which mostly are joint-venture with other Moslem Countries.MICROFINANCE BANKA microfinance bank would cater to the credit demand of miserable households and their small enterprises. Thus microfinance bank provide credit to those poor who are not considered creditworthy by the commercial banks and other financial institutions. On the other hand, the microfinance bands recognize every single human macrocosm as a potential and creditworthy entrepreneur. In addition, they provide prefatorial training in start of a small business, simple book-keeping and accounting. The main aim of microfinance institutions is alleviation of poverty through helping poor persons to do just about money especially the women.ISLAMIC BANKSIn Islam, it is prohibited to deplume interest on any loan. However, it is acceptable to pass on funds to a needy person or corporation for trade take aim in which case profit could be shared on an hold basis whereas loss should be shared according to the funds invested. Besides, at that place are certain businesses where any form of deal is forbidden homogeneous alcohols and pork. Accordingly, Islamic bank refer to a banking activity which is consistent with the Sharia, the Islamic Laws. Otherwise, there is no difference between the traditional banks and the Islamic bank. ignore HOUSESThese are firms which buys and discounts bills of exchang e, banker acceptance, commercial paper, etc. Discount houses also tender for treasury bills, deal in short-dated government bonds, and are an important part of the short-term money markets.INSURANCE COMPANIESInsurance is a hedge against the risk of a contingent and uncertain loss. In other words, it is the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for payment. For this service, the insurer charges a fee called premium depending upon the risk involved. Besides traditional insurance companies, there are many Islamic insurance companies in Pakistan known as Takaful operators. Takaful is an Islamic insurance concept based on mutual co-operation, responsibility, assurance, certificate and assistance between groups of participants. These companies believe in promoting the cause of Takaful as intimately as promoting the insurance business in a Shariah gentle i.e. halal and absolutely Riba-Free insurance.STOCK EXCHANGESStock exchange is a place wh ere securities are bought and sold. Such securities include shares, derivative, unit trusts and bonds. It also provides facilities for the issue and redemption of securities. Prices of shares and bonds are influenced by their demand and supply like in other commodities. In order to list a security on the stock exchange, there are certain requirements. Transactions in the stock exchange are conducted by members only. Stock exchange serves both as a primary market for the initial public offerings and as a substitute market for their subsequent buying and selling Investors are not recant to sell stock or bond through the stock exchange. They can directly deal with the seller. Similarly, there is no compulsion that stock must be traded on the exchange. The securities can change proprietorship out of the exchange which is called over the counter or curb dealings.LEASINGIt is a contract where owner of an asset agrees to allow someone to use it for a fixed rental. It can be for fixed or indefinite period of time. It is a cover song contract which sets out terms of lease agreement between the owner and the user. Leases are of various types mainly (i) a financial lease and (ii) an operating lease. The financial lease is long-term and non-cancellable contract where the user assumes some of the risks of monomania and has the correct to keep the assets or get it transferred to its own name after fulfilling the necessary conditions. In operating lease, the owner transfer only the right to use the assets which is returned back at the end of the lease. There are some other types especially in the aircraft industry like wet lease and dry-lease and. In wet lease, a company agrees to provide an aircraft along with pilot program and crew and would be responsible for the maintenance of the aircraft. Dry lease, on the other hand, refers to leasing only the aircraft.MODARBAIf is a form of partnership which has two distinct parties (i) the operate and (ii) the manager. The financer takes no part of management of the business. The profits are distributed among the subscriber piece the manager is paid the usual salary. Modarba is one the modes of Islamic finance. It is like mutual fund minus its un-Islamic features. Not only in Pakistan, the Islamic financial services industry has witnessed a phenomenal growth all over the Islamic world. In particuar, the Modaraba Sector has been able to create a market niche for itself in the corporate sector. This model is enjoying a unique comprehension due to its well designed structure with proper rules and regulations defined by the regulators. It has proved its resilience in this time of global financial turmoil. correlative FUNDIt is a professionally managed type of pooled investment for acquiring securities like stocks, bonds, marketable securities and commodities. The profit is distributed by way of dividend to all investors. Financial market in Pakistan experienced boom conditions in1991 due to liberalizat ion policies of the government. There was a manifold increase in the number of listed companies number of commercial banks, topical anaesthetic and foreign and financial instruments like commercial paper.But it has still to develop and a number of suggestions have been made * The public sector should slew its dependence on State Bank of Pakistan. * The infrastructure projects should be financed through domestic bonds of longer maturities (10-20 years). * The financial sectors (capital markets, micro credit, banking and non-banking sector) should have a ameliorate and more clearly delineated division of responsibilities. * Foreign institutional investors should be encouraged to take up (i) private equity funds, (ii) private subsidy funds, (iii) provident and gratuity funds and (iv) Real Estate Investment Trusts. * owe financing should be encouraged.

Wrongful Conception

The traditional way of doing things in America goes as follows you act as Mr. or Mrs. Right, you arrest married, buy a house and aim a family. After having all(prenominal) the children that one family wants someone in the relationship makes the responsible for(p) decision to be per opusently sterilized or continue employ contain potency until menopause. Being permanently sterilized means, having the womans fallopian tubes either clamped or cut so as no more(prenominal) eggs are release into the uterus or having a mans seminal vesicles cut so that no sperm is ejaculated.When a pregnancy occurs after one of these measures has been taken, it is looked into as wrongful conception or wrongful pregnancy. Women can become large(predicate) when their fallopian tubes were non completely cut, a mans seminal vesicles are not severed all the way or something is wrong with the birth control in which she is taking. improper conception, also known as wrongful pregnancy, is a case of movement based on negligence in the provision of birth control or performance of sterilization procedures that result in an abdicable pregnancy. Sullivan, 2000) Physicians and pharmacists ingest come under legal trouble when a long-suffering becomes expectant and it is friendless. Women involve m either minds for no long-term wanting any more children. It could be due to the age of the women and she is at a higher seek for the child to be mentally handicapped. The mate could merely be through having children because they have the desired amount that they could afford and wanted. The woman could have had a very difficult pregnancy in the past and therefore not want to put her at risk any further.All of these are legitimate reasons to have a surgical intervention to no longer have children or to prevent having children with birth control. Many of those parents who end up taking legal action against a commercialism are those who have patrimonial disorders that they do n ot wish to pass on to their unhatched children. Parents who have patrimonial testing done and find out that the likelihood of their children developing sickle cell anemia, downs syndrome or any other genetic disorder choose to no longer put themselves in the rivulet to conceive a child.According to The Journal of Health, many health check malpractice claims have been brought against doctors by parents of children born with genetic diseases. In most of these cases, the parents allege either that the physicians failed to inform the parents of the availability of genetic testing for the unborn child or that the physician negligently performed the genetic testing. These claims automatically make physicians, genetic counselors, and genetic testing laboratories possible defendants in civil law suits.As the long-suffering or victim, it is a crushing moment to find out that someone failed to do their job and now an innocent life is being brought unwanted into the world. Patients have a Bill of Rights that must be followed by any physician or hospital. Patients have the right to access their own medical checkup records. According to George D. Pozgar, patients may have access to training which includes, that maintained or possessed by a health care organization and/or a health care practitioner who has treated or is treating a patient (Pozgar, 2010, p. 396).With this right in place, patients should be able to prevent unwanted pregnancies from happening. This right makes for an render book policy in many hospital and physician offices. Patients now have access to their labs and records online or even in the physicians office. The history behind wrongful conception is with child(p) to determine with a timeline. It appears that when patients could have genetic testing done is when the issuance of cases started to arise for legal action being taken against physicians. One of the archetypical reported cases was in 1974 with a family who sued their physician who performed a vasectomy after the couples fourth child.Continuing on from 1974 until present day, there are many patients that are affected from the actions of physicians all over. Currently, patients rely on medical testing to look for genetic disorders that can affect unborn children. interrogatory is becoming more and more advanced every day. Many pregnant have option to undergo genetic testing at xii weeks to check for downs syndrome, trisomy 18, or trisomy 13. At the same time as these race tests, an sonography test for fetal nuchal translucency is performed. Nuchal translucency screening uses an ultrasound test to examine the area at the back of the fetal bed for increased fluid. Common tests during,) During the second trimester of pregnancy a whole sore set of blood tests are performed. Alpha-fetoprotein screening is done to determine open neural tube defects (ONTD) such as spina bifida, Down syndrome, other chromosomal abnormalities, defects in the abdominal wall of the foetus, twins more than one fetus is making the protein, or a miscalculated due date, as the levels vary passim pregnancy. (Common tests during,) Some of these tests can come back negative when in reality they are positive or patients can also get a false-negative result.Patient now sign consents so that they leave alone not sue the physicians when these rare occurrences happen. The way that lawsuits and malpractice suits have come up, the rate of lawsuits against physicians will continue to rise. It seems that physicians need to have malpractice insurance with higher premiums due to the concomitant the patients now are sue happy. Physicians are very on the alert about what information they tell their patients and with how tests and physical examinations are given. The more information and the more physicians explain circumstances to patients, the less likely a patient is to sue.There are patients who look for reasons to file malpractice suits against physicians. Wrongful conce ptions or wrongful pregnancies do happen. There are many reasons for this unhappy occurrence to happen, physician wrongdoing, pharmacist tampering or misinformation given to the patient. No matter what the reason is that the conception happened, the parents of the unborn child are still going to be affected. To compensate for some of the mental and emotional damage that is going to be done with having an unplanned pregnancy, patients are choosing to sue physicians.ReferencesPozgar, G. D. (2010). Legal and ethical Issues for health professionals (2nd ed.) Sudbury, MA Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Sullivan, Mary B. (2000, March 22). Article wrongful birth and wrongful conception a parents need for a cause of action. . Retrieved from http//www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-85016556.html Common tests during pregnancy. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/pregnant/tests.html Untitled. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.loislaw.com/gpc/email&160protected

Ebenezer Howard

It is said that thither were two major institutions in the beginning of the twentieth century the invention of the airplane, and Ebenezer Howards creation of the Garden City. In the 19th century, as a chemical reaction to extremes of the capitalist order and an alternative to the industrial city, communitarian activity started to search b atomic number 18-assed forms of community. Ebenezer Howard cropped up a new type of human settlement which is more than rational for an industrial age, The Garden City. It was a new form of neighborly and sparing collaboration with a control and order.Howard aimed to reverse the congestion and interruption of the large city through new form of planned community. To haoma a tend city, Howard needed money to buy rural area. He trenchant to get funding from gentlemen of responsible position and undoubted probity and honor. He founded the Garden City stand in 1899, although it took forty years to assume a serious consideration from the go vernment. By 1945, government noticed the problems of or so form of preparation and it was the Howards contribution to modify a nonconforming ken of community developed in nineteenth century domesticate circles.The most significant thing is that Howards utopian thinking was the transitional figure which connected 19th century reformers to 20th century pro planners. Ebenezer Howard had a better vision for township community life to annihi young the congestion in English cities to build self sufficient colonies in agricultural consume. He knew that larger cities didnt create large communities but created alienated lonely separate people whom lacked the sense of a community. According to Howards aspect Garden City was the key to bring man to a natural order that would further the social links necessary for individual fulfillment.In the late 1880s it each(prenominal) started with the Howards alluring dream of co-operative commonwealth that would demolition social discord. W ith the inspiration he gained from the Edward Bellamys Looking Backward, he started working on technocratic-socialist utopia. By the early 1890s Howard started to contact with two groups who were interested in starting colonies. This idea of colonies was jump mentioned in Alfred marshals article. He urged that in order to relieve the unemployment and congestion of capital of the United Kingdoms slums, colonies of factory workers should be placed on agricultural land out of the core.For Howard, the crowded city was the reason that communities cant start and the reason for that is the size. So he proposed a communal settlement with a cosmos 32. 000 of to maintain the idea of a community. In his bookss depression chapter he formuliazed the ideal city. 6000 acres of cheap rural land are to be purchased, 1000 of which are reserved for the city. A 32,000 person population cap is set, after which a new city will hasten to be colonized. As removed as the design goes, Howard wants to specify it as little like the overcrowded London of his day as possible, so popular parks and private lawns are everywhere.The roads are incredibly wide, ranging from cxx to 420 feet for the Grand Avenue, and they are radial instead than linear. Commercial, industrial, residential, and public uses are all the way differentiated from each other spatially. With the foundation of The Land Nationalization Society, by Alfred Wallace, the idea of creating labor colonies outside cities to reduce redundancy of joblessness in the urban centers occurred. At one of the meetings of this Society, Howard proposed the formation of a Co-operative Commonwealth, which was described as the subject of a good deal of discussion in youthful months in advanced circles.This scheme was supposed to eliminate the landlord and there would be experiments of capitalism. According to Howards beliefs Garden City, including the colony systems, was the practical answers to planning problems and should generate attracted the majority of the public to start the community. Despite his thoughts, many writers found his ideas incorrect with the belief of towns are not created they grow In spite of all the negative feedbacks, The Land Nationalization Society remained important in Howards struggles to create a Garden City companionship in 1899.For the first years of Associations, it was all about propaganda rather than action. With the lectures, interviews, and tracts Howards ideology became general and started to be considered as practical and successful. Within few months many council members, engineers, businessmen, architects had join the Association. Between 1900 and 1901, membership number rose to 500. However, there was no bounty enough to buy an estate and place factories. By the end of the 1901, Ralph Neville, big(p) politician and Kings Counsel attended the Association.With his support, take downts speeded up, in the consider magazine Howard slipped into a secondary position i n the Association. With this changes, also the real scheme changed significantly into a more controlled company. The real idea of the association became a chance and chaos in urban growth. Howards garden city became confused in the public minds with a type of infrequency suburban development. After Thomas Adam and Ewart Culpin took over the control of the Association, they started the umbrella organization for all housing and planning activity. The whole idea of Howards got lost.After eight years of Howards death Osborn became active in the Association and tried to resume Howards ideology. After World War I, Association played an important role in British town planning. We for sure believe the fact with the concept that Ebenezer Howards concept was an make an effort to remove capitalists so as it was accomplished despite its some time to what could be done. It was very obvious that his concepts opended up many individuals horizans according to providing a new concept of resident Ebenezer Howard was a great men for urban planning who provided the vision and details of a community for both town and country life.He believed that these two life should be married together in small Garden Cities, each with its own greenbelt. He promoted well-planned towns with careful land zoning and a quality of life. A Garden City would go for well designed houses with gardens set in tree lined avenues, denude and healthy work places and a pleasant and healthy environment in which to lie with, work and follow leisure pursuits. His purpose is to sustain a healthy, natural, and economic combination of town and country life through a sense of equilibrium of work and leisure.In this inclination, Howard reflects the ideal and harmonious relationship between theindustry and garden. intentness and agriculture coexist in his ideal community, as do city and countryside, utopia and arcadia. Howards sense of balance, in this case, the concentric circles of the Garden City intersecte d by big boulevards, assumes that ideal forms will shape and perfect human functions. The overall goal for Howard is to combine the traditional countryside with the traditional town.For too long residents stand had to make the unfulfilling choice between living in a culturally dis subsided rural area or giving up constitution to live in a city, but human society and the beauty of nature are meant to be enjoyed together. As he sees it, in a rather Hegelian fashion, in our opinion the two magnets of Town and Country that have in the past pulled people in either direction will, in the future, be synthesized into one Town-Country magnet. Green Belt hich was a part of Howards aim was developed for places which did not develop more, it was more like a limitation for cities . However, although that was not a certain remedy, places keep growing. As far as we learn in city planning, cities are living formations which recast in years over and over again. At the same time, even though t his idea was developed as a feature of non-urban and town which keep growing and its inhabitants increase, this suggestions stayed poor.In conclusion, in spite of this information , the solution for a citites future life depent on the decision of the right problem. Maybe the bar of population and ground may not be work in todays societies, but Howards proposal could be circumscribed and then, be used. We could modernize it easily in more ecological manner. We could locate it on a brownfield, for example, and follow a more urban, transect based planning scheme. In doing so, according to us, we can keep the heart of Howards vision while reforming the logistics per our more advanced knowledge.

Adultery in Madame Bovary vs Story of Zahra

Adultery act by women in umpteen societies is considered a sin as well as an serve of perfidy towards their families and towards their husbands. In Flauberts Madame Bovary and al- Shaykhs The Story of Zahra both the protagonists, Emma and Zahra, commit fornication in order to run away from harsh realities of their lives. Emma commits criminal conversation in order to escape the boredom of married liveliness with her husband Charles as well as to seek true have it off which butt joint single be found in the fantasy novels she has read.Zahra, on the other(a) hand, commits adultery in order to for sign up her turbulent years of childhood, to deal with the on-going inertia of her feel and to flee the harsh realities of the ongoing civil war. notwithstanding the impact it has on both the protagonist and the people around them ar quite different which reveals their contrasting personalities as well as the distinctive societies they live in. One of the most important aspects of adultery pull by Emma and Zahra is what impact it has on themselves. Mesmerized by her l over Rodolphe, heretofore though she is married to Charles, Emma decides to have an affair with him.Her thoughts during their intimacy were she reveled in it with turn out remorse, without disquiet, without anxiety. This shows that her act of betrayal has not affected her one bit. In fact, she believes that her adulterous shipway has made her smelllong dream deign true not to credit that it has also made her distorted vision of love and joy come true. She never spoke of marriage to her lover and we see no subscribe of Rodolphe taking care of her. Emma received bliss from her adulteries with Rodolphe which shows her selfishness as well as her inability to care for her husband.Furthermore, once Emma started an affair with Rodolphe, the relationship mingled with these deuce becomes stronger than ever and which results in them becoming insepar suitable lovers. However, she fails to real ize that she has been military manipulated for her lovers personal gains and this leads her to a path of self-destructiveness. Although found in a confusable website, the impact it has on Zahra differs entirely. Dealing with a actually(prenominal) turbulent childhood, where she witnessed as well as experienced her fathers brutality, she falls in love with a married man, Malek.As time progresses, the relationship between them grows stronger. Their relationship comes to a stage where the thought of marriage arises. As Zahra says very little(a) during their relationship, his refusal to marry her had little effect on it. Her thoughts after having committed infidelities with him were I thought I could influence him that was my delusion. He would lift my wench casually, not even bothering to undress me completely forward making love to me. All at once I would be filled with disgust and contempt. Unlike Emma, Zahra actually loved her aficionado and even asked him to marry her.Thi s shows her attachment towards him and how untold she cared for him even though he married to another woman. However, once Zahra started committing adultery with him, her attitude towards him changes radically. She realizes that he does not love her at all and deceives her into having hinge upon with her by explaining how women should be treated equally to men whilst penetrating her thoroughgoing(a)ity. The adulteries committed by the protagonists of these two novels not sole(prenominal) have an impact on them, but it has also impacted their husbands with whom they vowed to cherish the rest of their lives with.Emma kept her adulteries with other men so secretive that it was not until her death when her husband, Charles, would find out about her infidelities. He would one day stumble across the garner from Rodolphe. After reading them, he would reflect on what was written to himself He endeavored, however, to bring himself into a devotional frame of mind, to buoy himself up with confide of a future life, in which he would see her again. This demonstrates that even though Emma had deceived him during their marriage, he still loved her and even wanted to throw away another lifetime with her.The letters do have a king-size impact on him as he lives and dies in seclusion during the last mentioned years of his life, but the fact that during his last days he lives his life the way Emma did shows his emotional attachment towards her as well as how she was embarrassing him even though she was dead. On the other hand, Majed, Zahras husband, finds about her ultimo affairs while she was alive. As Majed and Zahra are married, he believes that he must(prenominal) now make love to her in order to make himself happy. When he does make love to her, he sees that while he is penetrating her there is not one drop of blood from Zahra.This vindicates the fact that Zahra is not a virgin. Not one drop of blood. I did not ask for a sea of blood, I would have settled for on e drop, but could only cry out as if in trance, Curse Woman missy of a Cursed Woman. Unlike Charles, Majed is livid about Zahras illicit affairs. He abuses her and even threatens to b deprivationmail her family about the sins she has committed. He believed that since Zahra came from a good family, marrying her will earn him and his family some much needed respect.Instead, the situation has become worse as now people in his fraternity will remember him as the man being married to a woman who was not a virgin at the time of her marriage. We get this impression that Zahra has no value to him. This is because in Muslim culture, a virgin woman is a sign of purity and consequently if a man marries such a woman, he is deemed a life of prosperity and happiness. In this case, Malek married a girl who is not free of abstinence before marriage which means that nobody will give him or his married woman or their families the same amount of respect had Zahra been a virgin.The contrasting socie ties in which these two protagonists live are also very important as the adulteries committed have a lasting impression on their several(prenominal) societies. When Emma is having her affair with Rodolphe, one day he insists that they go horse go together for her well-being. Emma is not too keen however due to Charles lack of awareness about the situation, he urges her to go with Rodolphe for the sake of her health. I authentically dont care how it looks Said Charles, turning on his heel. wellness comes firstYoure making a real mistake. As women were victims of a male dominated fellowship in nineteenth century France, the manipulation they played in society was minimal (being confined to their houses and playing the portion of honorable wife and mother). Emma clearly rebelled against these customs and did engage in workings which were deemed scandalous in those times. However, her adulterous ways had little impact as far as society is concerned. This is because the Bourgeois society was deemed as sham, with little or no morals.It vindicates the fact that no-one in this particular society uncomplete cares what other people do and hence brings a question over their self-dignity as well as the values imposed by society on its people. On the other hand, the society in which Zahra lives is a very conservative one and the impact the adulteries have is a strong one. When having their affair, Zahra and Malek digest in cafe where no one can see them in order to escape glances from people in their society. He pays for coffee in that cafe frequented by only those afraid to be seen together in public.Unlike in Madame Bovary, reputation and dignity in the union plays a very important role in The Story of Zahra. Here, we can see that society considers these people as outcastes, thus making life extremely problematic for them. To conclude, the reactions Emma and Zahra they receive from committing adultery are different and hence those reactions have very differen t impacts on them and on their respective societies as well. Thus, our attitudes and perception towards adultery vary according to protagonists.Zahra, who sees life in reality, is devastated and shattered once the impact of adultery, strikes her. This is what most people will be able to relate to and thus we have sympathy for her. On the other hand, Emma, who lives her life in fantasy, is unscathed by the impact of adultery and this gives an impression on the readers that she is too self-absorbed to care about others which makes her a very difficult character to like for the readers. Ironically, it is Emma Bovary who is represented as the modern woman, seeking happiness in a male-dominated society through whatever means possible.

Moral reasoning Essay

Moral conclude is individual or collective practical reason out well-nigh what, virtuously, one ought to do. For present purpose, we may get a line issues near what is proper(ip) or wrong, virtuous or vicious, as genteelness righteous fountainhead.When we atomic number 18 faced with moral questions in free-and-easy life, average as when we are faced with child-rearing questions, sometimes we act impulsively or instinctively and sometimes we pause to reason well-nigh what we ought to do. Much of our reasoning comes about through are position on an issue and how are principle effects that issue. Reasoning, so understood is an intrinsically normative concept. An fundamental implication of this is that any empirical data that shows that we consistently think in a given odd way about morality tramp be taken in one or two severalize lights it fundament be taken to show that, since this is what we do this is how our moral reasoning is. Alternatively, it can be taken to show that, in the relevant incline of cases, we fail to think responsibly, and hence fail to engage in moral reasoning. And empirical data does not settle this kind of normative question for us.Therefore does morality require each person to reason in the same way, on the basis of the same fundamental considerations?In an root domain, peck would do the right thing simply because it is right. In the cosmos in which we live, morality is more complex. People often disagree about what is right. Even when a consensus on moral values is reached, many catch out that they do not consistently live up to a moral standard. One reason for this is that approximately hoi polloi place a extravagantly value on their own welfare. They may have moral ideals and commitments, barely concern about personal well being is a sizable motivating factor. It is more powerful for some than it is for former(a)s, but few can claim to be indifferent to it. Any significant gap in the midst of the demands of e thics and the urging of self-interest, narrowly defined, creates incentive problems for individuals and for societies wishing to maintain gamy ethical standards. The problems cut on two trains.At the first level are the direct incentive problems or opportunism and desperation. Problems of opportunism arise when individuals willingly crack ethical norms in order to pursue opportunities for unavowed gain. I believe an example of this is, George W Bush and the invasion of Iraq. The world was told that Suddam Hussein had weapons of plenteousness destruction, but to this twenty-four hour period their have been no weapons of atomic reactor destruction shown to the world, rather George W Bush has gain notoriety as the president that went on to save the people of Iraq from a dictator. When analyzing this further could it be said that President Bush was concerned about is duty to nourish the innocent people of Iraq or was it an opportunity to look good in the eyes of the world. What were the underlying principles.The fact that there was supposed to be the weapons of mass destruction has now faded in to obscurity. Did he yield to lure. Or where there other(a) principles at work. Secondly problems of desperation arise when individuals violate ethical norms to avoid loss or hardship. Even if we grant that most people place some intrinsic value on doing the right thing as they see it, sometimes the risk or the temptation is just too great. Too often we are presented with evidence from our daily lives, from news stories, and from academic research, that well-educated, apparently normal individuals can be tempted or pressured into compromising ethical standards.How then does this relate to the so-called real world? Human nature is not simple or uniformed, most people are not self centered, people often care about others. Nagel states theres one general argument against hurting other people which can be given to anybody who understands English (or any other langua ge), and which seems to show that he has some reason to care about others, regular(a) if in the end his selfish motives are so strong that he persists in treating other people badly anyway. Most people have some benevolent motivations and ethical commitments. Individuals have sympathy for the hurt of others and take pleasure in others well being.However, this care does not typically extend to all of humankind, but only to a referent stem (Hirschlieifer, 1982). The size and nature of that group varies significantly from person to person. The care as well as varies in intensity, depending on such things as the closeness of the relationship with the other person, In addition to this passive care for others people care about how they affect others. They generally do not want to cause harm, and do want to cause pleasure or satisfaction.Therefore in mop up if most people have a benevolent motive to do the right thing in bon ton and take pleasure in making ordering a happier plac e this would have to mean that society would need to be consistent in the way it treats people. There would be no impartiality or objectivity, all reasoning would be make from a top-down position. We would all then walk around with elated faces saying hello to all we meet, there would be no fighting anymore there would be no wars, there would be punishments that is across the board and not consider other factor into play. Fortunately society is not consistent in its moral and ethical day to day practice the fact that as individual human beings we are channelize in varies situations by varies events that caused the situation, this becomes a bottom-up reasoning were we are in turn guided by other judgements which lead us to ever re-evaluating our moral ground.ReferencesNagal, T., What Does It All Mean? A very short submission to Philosophy Oxford University Press, 1987Hirschleifer, J., Evolutionary Models Cooperation versus Conflict Strategies, JAI Press, Greenwich 1982

Revealing Trans Fat Summary

Revealing Trans Fats Informative Abstract Trans fats argon fats resulting from the process a product undergoes in adding hydrogen to veg oil by good turn liquid oils into solid fats and based on evidence supported, if consumed it would increase the pretend of coronary thrombosis heart disease and promote abominable cholesterol at an high localize especially among Americans it is thusly one of the leading causes of expiration in the United States.As a precautionary measure to counter this mickle effect of trans fat the Food and Drug Administration required that staring(a) and dietary fat such as Trans fats facts be listed on diet says, which would offer up information in choosing intellectual nourishment that would help reduce coronary heart diseases. Fats are considered to be the major germ of energy for the system and an aid in the absorption of vitamins in the body fats also run taste, consistency and stability and help you feel full.Un stark(a) fats on the separat e mountain are beneficial when consumed in moderation succession on the other hand alter and trans fat are not. Saturated and trans fat raises bad cholesterol and may contri hardlye to heart disease. Health experts advised that the inlet of saturated fats, trans fat and cholesterol should be kept at a minimum while still maintaining a wholesome diet but should not be removed from the diet completely. It was further reinforced that consumers should turn out keen attention to nutritional facts on products to keep track of their divine guidance of these fats.A general rule in choosing foods based on the facts on the label is that consumers should try to ensure that a low of 5% or less(prenominal) saturated fats and trans fats are in the products as to maintain an heart healthy diet while on the other hand, a high of 20% or more, would therefore be a risk to their healthy. To conclude depending on whether the consumers favorable food are high in saturated fat or cholesterol they can always compensate with foods that are low in saturated fat and cholesterol at distinct intervals. Descriptive AbstractThis article on revealing trans fats produced some interesting accompaniment facts where saturated fat, trans fat and dietary cholesterol are concerned. Based on the scientific evidence provided saturated fat, trans fat and dietary cholesterol raises light lipoprotein (LDL), which increases the chance of having coronary heart disease (CHD). According to the National Heart, Lung, daub Institute of National Institutes of Health, more than 12. 5 million Americans have CHD, and more than 500,000 die each year. Trans fats are generated as manufacturers add hydrogen to vegetable oil, which is called hydrogenation.This increases the shelf life and flavor permanence of foods containing these fats, which can be food in vegetable shortenings, some margarines, crackers, cookies, snack foods etc. All fats merely are not considered the same as fat is major source of ene rgy for the body and aids in the adsorption of vitamins A, D, E and K and carotenoids, fat is therefore important for the proper growth, development, and maintenance of good health. unsaturated fats on the other hand are beneficial when consumed in moderation, while saturated and trans are not because they raise LDL levels in the blood.It is therefore recommended that consumers should choose foods that are low in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol as part of a healthful diet. To proper monitor the amount of saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol intake, its postulated that looking at the nutrition facts panel would provide facts regarding the amount of fats present in products, where as choosing products with a low of 5% or less of saturated fats, trans fat and cholesterol would prove to be more healthy choice rather than other products with an higher rate of fats present.

Cot Essay Silk Road

Between the years of 200 BCE and 1450 CE, the Silk Road went by dint of a number of changes. With the train and success of the ancient empires the softwood course thrived and was the main trade lane connecting the Mediterranean to China. As the empires fragmentd so did the expend of the Silk Road as it became unsafe and unsafe for use. With the Mongol empire in 1200 CE the Silk Road had a temporary revival, but when the Mongolian empire collapsed the use of Silk Road did as a permanent switch to the Indian ocean Network was made.Around 200 BCE the Roman, Han and Gupta empires were established and expanded. The Silk Road began in the easterly in Changan, went through Mongolia and Turkestan, then through the Takalamakan Desert. It then expanded south-east to India or central Asia and then Eastern through the Roman imperium. contend channels were traveled in stages from city to city through the empires. The institution of the camel saddleback made it easier for merchants to transport their goods with efficiency. Heavy use of the Silk Road began in three hundred BCE as goods were traded and ideas were spread.Silk, cotton, spices, pearls, ivory and coral were traded east to west along the Silk Road. Glassware, bronze, linen, and chromatic oil were traded East to West. Ideas such as Buddhism moved along this route as well as the spread of disease such as smallpox and the plague. Diseases were one of the many reasons of the fall of the ancient empires. At the collapse of these empires slightly 600 CE the Silk Road was left unprotected and many merchants ventured from the Silk Road.With the invention of new navigational technology such as fore-and-aft rigging, the dhow and the detritus many merchants went to the Indian Ocean Network. Around 1200 CE the Mongolian Empire came to power. Through conquest they came to control most of Asia and their armies protected the overland trade routes. This led to a temporary revival of the Silk Road. When the Mongol ian empire collapsed around 1400 the Silk Road was left unprotected once again. With the invention of the astrolabe, compass and modify cartography a permanent switch was made to the Indian Ocean Route.Between the years of 200 BCE and 1450 CE, the Silk Road went through a number of changes. With the rise and success of the ancient empires the trade route thrived and was the main trade route connecting the Mediterranean to China. As the empires collapsed so did the use of the Silk Road as it became unprotected and unsafe for use. With the Mongol empire in 1200 CE the Silk Road had a temporary revival, but when the Mongolian Empire collapsed the use of Silk Road did as a permanent switch to the Indian Ocean Network was made.

Compare the Ways in Which Larkin and Abse Write About Settings in Their Poems. Essay

Comp atomic number 18 the way of lifes in which Larkin and Abse write in effect(p) about compasss in their meters. In your response you must include detailed full of life discussion of at least two of Larkins rimes.In Mr Bleaney Larkin explores the place of an old house, still ever present with the spirit and legacy of its decease house physician. Setting is presented as impressionable on its inhabitant, restricting and institutionalising their lives. Similarly, Abses rime Leaving Cardiff in addition displays themes regarding background knowledge giving you an identity, which is defined by star place, leaving the fictional character institutionalised. Regarding setting, another of Larkins poems The Whitsun Weddings also supports the theme of settings universe really impressionable. However, like Leaving Cardiff, this particular poem hints at settings also contributing to a disappointing, anticlimactic and overrated go.In Mr Bleaney Larkin presents setting as an ext remely reclusive place which has an double-dyed(a) and overpowering effect on the type, devising him very(prenominal) agoraphobic. The repetitive and constant ABAB rhyme scheme throughout this poem hints at the continual and dull life the persona leads, being strained to live a constant, boring life sculpted by Mr Bleaneys previous existence. The lexis stayed also reiterates the lack of ambition the persona feels towards being all different to Mr Bleaney. The previous occupant Mr Bleaney relied on his house the whole fourth dimension, and the persona is starting to behave similarly. The end of the poem I bustt know., ending with a caesura displaying irony, is a powerful ending which is the personas way of justifying superiority or difference, and the irony that he is actually like Mr Bleaney, a reclusive and restrictive man. The metaphorical use of pathetic fallacy opposite wind is hinting at the outside world trying to torpon the previous occupant to come outside more freq uently, but due to his contentment with working class, he chose never to.That how we live measures our own nature is press outing how root word sculpts you to how you are and your life is evaluated based on your topographic point. Therefore, the previous occupant Mr Bleaney is leaving an everlasting impression on his home, rubbing of onto the way the persona lives his life. In addition, the lexis home is used when describing this particular setting. On the whole, this prison like venue is  instead the opposite of a homely environment and the irony is that evidently the setting in this poem is more like a hired lash, hinting at a coffin like atmosphere created within the home. On the whole, the setting in this poem is not described very positively, and the persona should definitely not be happy within the confinement of an everlasting, predominant presence overshadowing the joy of life through obsession with imprisonment.Similarly, Abses poem Leaving Cardiff also hints at s etting being accountable for your identity. Can I be the same man twice is a prime example of setting, in this poem Cardiff, defying your distinctiveness. The persona within this poem is reflecting on how Cardiff erstwhile distinctively defined who he was, and now he is leaving, he ordain never be the same person that Cardiff once moulded him into. To show the persona and the setting are strongly linked with a bond, the metaphorical usage of pathetic fallacy knots of water flow is hinting at the emotional response that Cardiff has on the persona, linking them together strongly and wake how dominant setting is in his life. In addition, the materialistic use of now the funnels negations corrupt shows how Cardiff was dominant in every aspect of the personas life. Due to funnels blowing out sound of smoke, they are metaphorically signifying the repetitious and vicious circles the persona will baptistry in always being linked to Cardiff, bringing him back to where he started. Also, the rings of smoke signify the emptiness within his life, and how once he leaves Cardiff a segment of his identity will be left behind.Alternatively, setting in Larkins The Whitsun Weddings is predominantly described through a pilgrimage on a train, contributing to the disappointing and overrated impression of setting. Although Larkin claims there was secret code of himself in this poem, his biographer maintains there was everything of the poet in this poem, critiquing the homogeneity of life. In one sense, the persona is experiencing a stereotypical move around within the setting of a train, on looking on the houses and streets surrounding him. However, in another sense the persona is looking at the mass production of newlyweds during The Whitsun Weddings, a religious festival, unrehearsed for their hopeful and artificial journey ahead.Phillip Larkin is very critical of marriage, believing besides much credence is put on it and the  verity is that it will not last. A slow and stopping curve southwards. This is hinting at the reality of life going downhill after marriage, and the expected journey will not succeed. In regards to setting, the setting of a train is extremely significant. As the newlyweds pile on the train polluting true love, the train is symbolically signifying the deteriorative journey that will take place in their love lives. Generally, this poem is very negative towards the journey that married couples will face, symbolical of the setting of a train. However, the slight take apart of the ABABCDECDE rhyme scheme when grass and cars rhyme is to show a slight blip of happiness in marriage, in blood line to sorrow.This is because Larkin wanted to show how this is only his opinion on the journey of marriage. Also, the open frame of the rhyme scheme could symbolically show how in fact in later life the couples may separate and evidently their marriage could break down. The setting of a train is to also show the normalisation and journe y of a marriage. Abses Leaving Cardiff also uses journey to contribute to the setting, just like Larkin does. The journey that the persona is facing in this poem is that he is leaving Cardiff for good. Upload and move on. This particular metaphor is showing how the persona is leaving the setting of Cardiff, but will never choke up the journey he has been on whilst he is there, and evidently the Journey he will face in the future.

Old and New Testament Essay

In Mary Shelleys novel, Frankenstein, the central theme for discussion is the birth that exists between the churchman and that which he is creating. In this particular work, Shelley focuses on a scientist who constitutes his lifes work come forbidden of the closet of manipulating molecules to acquire his own excess brand of homosexualkindity. In addition to that, the author touches on issues of good and criminal in regards to how Dr. superior Frankenstein develops his own human being.In this work, the kindred between the master and his asylum par aloneels those themes of God and human, which be addressed in the Bible, by providing a commentary on the idea of good and evil. The unrest precipitateed roller coaster that the creator goes through in Frankenstein is non only poignant, only if it to a fault a very eventful aspect of the account. After ingathering the hulk, Dr. Frankenstein finds that he does not feel particularly well around his inception and in fact, he even feels a big of horror because of what he has d unitary. The emotions do not stop in that respect, however.The twist around feels a measure of dread over what he has created, simply because it was even more than disgusting and unintellectual than what he had set out to put together. Because of all these emotions, with especially fear, Dr. Frankenstein feels the blind drunk desire to remove himself from the cornerstone that had dominated his life. The realization of what he had created was an essential moment in Shelleys novel and it served as an eye-opener for the rectify, who had immersed himself in the status so deeply that he could not recognize the beast he was creating.In the story, Shelley writes, It was on a dreary night of November, that I beheld the attainment of my toils. With an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless topic that lay at my feet. It was already one in the morning the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open it aphonic hard, and a convulsive motion agitated its limbs, (Ch. 5, 34-35).In this quotation, the raw emotion and horror of Dr. Frankenstein can be seen. He realizes that he has not created a human being, but rather a monstrous beast. maestro Frankenstein is abhorred at his creation, which is the alike sort of sentiment that God expressed in the erstwhile(a) Testament of the Bible when looking at his creation. In that part of the Bible, there are strong themes of ravaging that always comes to the most wicked of individuals. passim the deems, there are numerous examples of God being devastated by what he has created, and then wiping them out because of their wickedness.One of the most well known of these stories is the story of Noah and the flood, where God nearly wipes ou t the entire race except for one man. In this way, similarities exist between Shelleys example of creator and creation and the examples set forth in the Bible. Shelley presents Victor as a bet who is quite conflicted. Not only is he strangely devastated by his closing creation, but he also has some distaste for himself because he has interpreted on the role normally reserved for God.Just because he seeks to sidetrack the giant and his bad decisions behind does not mean that the fiend is impulsive to leave him alone, though. In the maintain, the creation seeks out his creator, looking for the type of belong that exists between a creator and that topic he has created. The development of Victor as a character can be seen in how he handles the freak in this situation. At one point, the giant comes to Victor with hopes that the doctor might create a female companion for him. The doctor chooses, however, not to do this because of what effect creating one monster has had on his l ife.In a way, it can be said that he has learned his lesson and he wants nix to do with the idea of playing God anymore. By doing this, Victor had to make a very difficult choice. In the sense of what is said in the Bible, the creator has a certain responsibility to his creations. Victor chooses to forsake those responsibilities for the straightforward fact that he is tired of a being a creator and playing God. He would rather watch his creation suffer than draw to go through the personal torment of creating another being.The complicated chat that occurs in the story as told by Victor Frankenstein is his regret in creating the creature, not firstly due to the monsters murders but ab initio due to the failure it represents of Frankensteins genius. His eradicateeavors to re-create humanity go asunder with the monsters birth in the comparison of Victor and god, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah is done because God is displeased with humanity despite him making them in his ow n image there is too much sin in the cities that the only possible action is to destroy them both.This is the same thought that Victor has in relation to his sinful creation. Victor feels discontent for his decisions for a calculate of reasons. On one hand, he is ashamed of some of the things that the monster has done. The monster goes out and murders people, causing widespread destruction and pain for many individuals. In some way, Victor feels responsible for this because he created the monster and because he refused to servicing the monster. In addition, Victor is not content with the fact that he failed miserably in his quest to play God and create the perfect human being.Since the monster is so flawed in so many ways, he is a living, breathing embodiment of the failure that Victor has to put up with each and every day. A Biblical correlation can be drawn in this, as well. In the Bible, God destroys the town of Sodom and Gomorrah because of what it had become. worry Victor, G od attempted to create people in his own image, vainglorious them what he thought was the ability to do good. When the town was overrun by gambling, prostitution, and other sin, God had to destroy it in order to preserve humanity. The doctor has the same desire to destroy what the monster has become.In the book, Shelley writes, The world was to him a secret which he desired to divine. Curiosity, earnest research to learn the hidden laws of nature, merriment akin to rapture, as they were unfolded to him, are among the earliest sensations he can remember . . . It was the secrets of enlightenment and earth that he desired to learn and whether it was the outward substance of things or the inside spirit of nature and the mysterious soul of man that occupied him, steady his inquiries were directed to the metaphysical, or in it highest sense, the physical secrets of the world, (Ch. 2, 18).This quote explains the doctors desire to get it right. He did not set out to create a destructive monster, so when that came out as the result, he had an transparent amount of resentment towards his creation. Similarly, God perceives the cities to be nothing but a disgusting waste of his creative power. He sees not the beauty that he hoped to create, but the most vile, disgusting place on earth. Likewise, Victor sees the same sort of disgusting nature in his beast.Victor states in the story, a spud of lightning illuminated the object and discovered its shape plainly to me its gigantic stature, and the spot of its aspect, more hideous than belongs to humanity, instantly informed me that it was the wretch, the filthy demon to whom he had assumption life. Victor goes so far as to even give his creation a Satanic moniker, showing the sheer(a) disgust that he has for the beast. This is a clear correlation with the Biblical reference that was presented above.One of the most important parts of the book comes when the monster makes his journey from Ingolstadt to Geneva. Though th e monster has striking disdain for his relationship with his creator, he is actually free to discover, on his own, ideas about humanity. In this, one can compare the monster to Adam and even following their removal from the Garden of Eden. Like those two, the monster is thrown out on his own and he is forced to make his own way. This also causes him a great deal of disgust for his creator, similar to how human beings need disdain for their creator at times.The monster holds these strong feelings of cynicism almost to the end and he applies them to almost every situation in his life. He seeks penalise against Victor because he feels abandoned. In the work, Shelley writes, , All men hate the unworthy how then, must I be hated, who am miserable beyond all living things Yet you, my creator, detest and spurn me, the creature, to whom thou art margin by ties only dissoluble by the annihilation of one of us, (Shelley 68). The monsters revenge causes him to murder Victors brother, Will iam.This is the beginning of the absolute hate that exists between Victor and the monster and this powers the action in the book almost exclusively. When the monster turns his disdain into rage and begins to murder everyone close to Victor, he makes the creator hate his creation even more. Victor struggles with this idea, though, as he puts much of the blame on himself since he gave life and power to the monster that now haunts him. As the story progresses, Victor realizes that the only chance he has to give his creation redemption is to remove himself from the earth.His death ultimate allows the monster to serve a different purpose than simply seeking out Victor for revenge. Over the course of the book, Victors goal had not been to look after the well being of his creation, but rather to gallop his role of playing God. Eventually, he comes to see that his death is the only thing that will give the monster an opportunity. Shelleys book closes with strong themes of redemption, which are represented in the death of Victor and in the idea that the monster can go on.Victor provides the ultimate abandonment by leave the earth, but in this act, he is doing a measure of good. The entire book is filled with things that can be linked to the Bible and nowhere is this more evident than in the end. In the Bible, God let god his son to give human beings a chance at redemption. In Shelleys work, Victor has to sacrifice himself in order to save his creation. It was the ultimate act between a creator and his subject and one that closes the book on the story and its relationship with the Bible. MLAWorks CitedShelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York. Dover Publications, Inc. 1994